Resumen

FRANCO-HERNANDEZ, C.; MARTINEZ-GLEZ, V.  y  REY, J.A.. Biology molecular of glioblastomas. Neurocirugía [online]. 2007, vol.18, n.5, pp.373-382. ISSN 1130-1473.

Glioblastomas, the most frequent and malignant human brain tumors, may develop de novo (primary glioblastoma) or by progression from low-grade or anapalsic astrocytoma (secondary glioblastoma). The molecular alteration most frequent in these tumorlike types is the loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 10, in wich several genes have been identified as tumors suppressor. The TP53/MDM2/P14^arf and CDK4/RB1/ P16^ink4 genetic pathways involved in cycle control are deregulated in the majority of gliomas as well as genes that promote the cellular division, EGFR. Finally the increase of growth and angiogenics factors is also involved in the development of glioblastomas. One of the objetives of molecular biology in tumors of glial ancestry is to try to find the genetic alterations that allow to approach better the classification of glioblastomas, its evolution prediction and treatment. The new pathmolecular classification of gliomas should improve the old one, especially being concerned about the oncogenesis and heterogenity of these tumors. It is desirable that this classification had clinical applicability and integrates new molecular findings with some known histological features with pronostic value. In this paper we review the most frequent molecular mechanisms involved in the patogenesis of glioblastomas.

Palabras clave : Glioblastoma; Biología molecular.

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