Resumen

TELLO ANCHUELA, Odorina. Current phase of control of epidemiological surveillance of poliomyelitis in Spain. Rev. Esp. Salud Publica [online]. 2013, vol.87, n.5, pp.481-496. ISSN 2173-9110.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000500007.

In Spain, the last case of indigenous wild virus poliomyelitis occurred in 1988. Since then cases detected by the surveillance system are either imported cases, cases associated with vaccine or OPV derivatives (VDPV). The Plan of Action required for Certificate of Achievement of polio eradication began in 1997. The activities were agreed with the regions and approved by the Inter-territorial Council of Health. The plan integrates epidemiological surveillance and laboratory activities: - Implement an effective surveillance system acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in children under 15 years - Achieve and maintain high immunization coverage (95% in the primary series in children under 2 years old). - Environmental monitoring through surveillance of enteroviruses. In the implementation of the Plan in Spain have remained high vaccination coverage and concern to avoid susceptible bags in vulnerable populations. Surveillance System Acute Flaccid Paralysis in children under 15 years has been consistently evaluated by the quality indicators related to the sensitivity, timeliness (in reporting and sampling) and the indicators for epidemiological research and laboratory. The challenges of polio surveillance are introducing cases: imported polio caused by wild poliovirus, vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) or poliovirus vaccine. Therefore, all activities should continue until a polio-free world.

Palabras clave : Poliovirus; Poliomyelitis; Disease eradication; Poliovirus vaccine, oral; Poliovirus vaccine, inactivated; Health planning; Public health surveillance.

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