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Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
versión impresa ISSN 1137-6627
Resumen
JIMENEZ CANDEL, MI et al. The influence of a healthy lifestyle on body mass index in a sample of 12-14 years old individuals in Murcia (Spain). Anales Sis San Navarra [online]. 2021, vol.44, n.1, pp.33-40. Epub 21-Jun-2021. ISSN 1137-6627. https://dx.doi.org/10.23938/assn.0883.
Background
Excess weight and obesity in childhood is directly related to comorbidities that can have serious consequences for health. This study set out to identify the main modifiable lifestyles that influence the development of excess weight and obesity in childhood.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out at seven secondary schools in Area V, Murcia, Spain. Questionnaires completed by parents were used to gather information about healthy habits in adolescents (ENHASA), The surveys consisted of four dimensions made up of modifiable lifestyle factors: nutrition, physical activity, new technologies and schoolmates. The adolescents’ somatometric data was measured and classified according to the WHO categories for body mass index (BMI). ANOVA was used to compare the score differences among the BMI groups.
Results
The questionnaire was completed by the parents of 421 adolescents with an average age of 12 years. 21.1% presented excess weight and 19.7% obesity. The score obtained by adolescents in the physical activity dimension decreased in the increased BMI group (score in normal weight 6.36 vs. 4.45 in obesity; p<0.001). The other three dimensions showed insignificant differences in scores between normal weight and obesity groups.
Conclusion
Excess weight was present in 40.8% of the sample. Physical activity was the modifiable lifestyle to be most markedly linked to BMI. This outcome may help in planning specific strategies for sedentary lifestyles to reduce this dietary epidemic.
Palabras clave : Childhood obesity; Overweight; Healthy lifestyle; Physical activity; Information technology.