Resumen

RODRIGUEZ MARTINEZ, Roynel; BACALLAO MENDEZ, Raymed; GUTIERREZ GARCIA, Francisco  y  FONSECA HERNANDEZ, Dianelys. Kidney transplant complications in the Nephrology Institute. 2001-2005. Rev Soc Esp Enferm Nefrol [online]. 2010, vol.13, n.1, pp.7-15. ISSN 1139-1375.

Introduction and Objectives: Despite the development of transplants our results are affected by the appearance of medical and surgical complications that hinder their evolution. Our aim was to identify the most frequent complications in the first week after a kidney transplant and their effects on patient and graft survival one month and one year after the transplant. Methods: retrospective cohort descriptive observational study at the Nephrology Institute, of patients who received transplants between the months of January 2001 and December 2005. The variables of interest were analysed. The statistical technique of frequency distribution analysis was used. For each category of variables, absolute and relative frequencies (percentages) were calculated. The homogeneity test was used to prove the null hypothesis (Ho), of equality of distribution of some variables with a significance level a = 0.05. Results: In 136 patients a total of 212 complications were found, of which 159 (75%) were medical and 53 (25%) were surgical. The most frequent medical complications were: non-infectious 110 (51.8%); infectious 33 (15.5%). The most frequent surgical complications were: vascular 34 (16%), parenchymatosic 7 (3.3%). Only 30 patients (22%) showed no type of complication and in another 30 patients (22%) there were both medical and surgical complications. Conclusions: The occurrence of medical complications in the first week after the transplant determines poor survival of the kidney graft in the short term. The fact of showing surgical complications reduces the survival of the kidney graft and of the transplanted patient in the very short and short term.

Palabras clave : Renal insufficiency; Transplant complications; Transplant survival.

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