Resumen

BLASCO-LAFARGA, C et al. Neuromotor training in elderly multi-pathological patients in the Home Hospitalization Units: a pilot study. CPD [online]. 2019, vol.19, n.1, pp.95-105.  Epub 17-Ago-2020. ISSN 1989-5879.

Introduction: Aging is linked to a various risk factors whose reduction improves survival. Physical activity affects many of them, what enhances its preventive role and its value as a non-pharmacological treatment. Given the scarcity of specific training programs for elderly people with multiple pathologies, especially during the start period of resolution of the clinical activity of an acute disease, or the exacerbation of one or several of the chronic diseases, the present pilot study aims to analyze the feasibility and effects of a short neuromotor training program in these patients admitted to UHD (Home Hospitalization Unit). Methods: 11 elderly patients (82.2±6.9 years, 8 men; acute phase of disease) completed 4 weeks of a neuromuscular and cognitive orientated functional training program, with pre-post assessment of functional capacity (i.e. balance, gait speed, lower limb strength and agility), body composition and quality of life -6 weeks, including the evaluation-. There were 2 supervised sessions and a third autonomous session every week. Results: Significant improvements were found in balance and gait (Tinetti-total: 14.0±9.0 vs 17.9±7.3 points; p =0.007), strength (30-seconds Chair Stand Test: 3.0±3; p =0.001), agility (TUG-test categorized; p =0.001) and weight (82.2±14.0 vs. 79.2±13.9 kg; p =0.036), but not in health-related quality of life (SF-36-v2: 32.9±7.8 vs 31.2±7.7 points; p =0.722). The technician's presence increased adherence to the program by 20%. Conclusions: The dynamism of UHD is ideal for implementing specialized physical activity programs that counteract the devastating effects of the binomial aging-inactivity. A short duration does not reduce effectiveness.

Palabras clave : Aging; frailty; geriatric patient; physical fitness; primary prevention; quality of life.

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