Resumen

PEREZ ROLDAN, Francisca; MONTILLA PEREZ, Manuel  y  MUNOZ LOMAS, Fernando. Leishmaniasis's outbreak in the autonomous community of Madrid: importance of the measures of prevention. Enferm. glob. [online]. 2016, vol.15, n.41, pp.361-374. ISSN 1695-6141.

Aim: knowing the origin of the outbreak of Leishmaniasis occurred in 2009-2014 in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (CAM) and publicizes the patterns of disease prevention. Methods: A literature review was performed using several databases using different descriptors related to the outbreak of Leishmaniasis in the CAM happened between 2009-2014. Results: A total of 177 studies on Leishmaniasis, of which 29 studies analyze relevant aspects of Leishmaniasis were obtained. Studies claim that the modification by humans of the great green landscapes and progress in the construction of new highways and commuter networks along with weather conditions might have been relevant in explaining the spatial behavior of the outbreak, contributing to the creation of a favorable ecosystem for the growth and stabilization of a new urban cycle Leishmaniasis. The only effective preventive measure is to act adequately to prevent mosquito bites. Conclusions: It is noteworthy that for the creation of a new urban cycle Leishmaniasis may have contributed relevant factors such as population growth, the presence of large green spaces peri recent construction and building extensive rail and road infrastructure . Although it has worked actively and jointly from the Health Authorities and have decreased the number of cases, the problem has not been eradicated, therefore it plays an important role the dissemination and implementation of preventive measures is essential that people know how to act.

Palabras clave : Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis outbreak in Madrid; Diagnosi; Sandflies; Lagomorphs; Children.

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