Objectives:

To describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, of each of its components, and of other cardiovascular risk (CVR) modifiers in hypertensive patients ≤ 65 years of age, as well as to analyze its relationship with the degree of control of blood pressure (BP).

Material y métodos:

Descriptive cross-sectional observational study carried out in 267 adults aged ≤ 65 years, diagnosed with arterial hypertension (European Guidelines criteria for hypertension and cardiovascular risk), seen in family medicine consultations in four Basic Health Zones. The main variable was the presence of metabolic syndrome (ATPIII / AHA-2004). Sociodemographic variables, health problems, drug consumption, therapeutic compliance, physical activity (IPAQ-brief and BPAAT), tobacco consumption, analytical determinations, cardiovascular risk, blood pressure readings and their degree of control were collected.

Resultados:

Average age 56.7 years (SD: 6.6). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 40.4% (95% CI: 34.4%-46.5%). 76.8% showed abdominal obesity, 36.7% hypertriglyceridemia, 25.8% decreased HDL-c, and 26.2% hyperglycemia. 55.8% had dyslipidemia, 54.3% obesity, 24.7% diabetes, and 21.3% smoked. 40.2% (95% CI: 33.9%-45.8%) did not show adequate BP control. Using logistic regression, variables associated with inadequate blood pressure control were: lower BPAAT-questionnaire score (OR: 1.19; p = 0.027), fewer health problems (OR: 1.20; p = 0.009), therapy non-compliance (OR: 1.93; p = 0.043) and metabolic syndrome (OR: 2.85; p<0.001).

Conclusions:

More than one third of hypertensive adults have metabolic syndrome and three quarters have abdominal obesity. Metabolic syndrome is not only a modifying factor of CVR, but it should also be considered in the control of BP in hypertensive adults along with therapeutic compliance, comorbidity and physical activity.

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