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Psicothema
versión On-line ISSN 1886-144Xversión impresa ISSN 0214-9915
Resumen
BLANCA, María J et al. Non-normal data in repeated measures ANOVA: impact on type I error and power. Psicothema [online]. 2023, vol.35, n.1, pp.21-29. Epub 12-Feb-2024. ISSN 1886-144X. https://dx.doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2022.292.
Background:
Repeated measures designs are commonly used in health and social sciences research. Although there are other, more advanced, statistical analyses, theF-statistic of repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) remains the most widely used procedure for analyzing differences in means. The impact of the violation of normality has been extensively studied for between-subjects ANOVA, but this is not the case for RM-ANOVA. Therefore, studies that extensively and systematically analyze the robustness of RM-ANOVA under the violation of normality are needed. This paper reports the results of two simulation studies aimed at analyzing the Type I error and power of RM-ANOVA when the normality assumption is violated but sphericity is fulfilled.
Method:
Study 1 considered 20 distributions, both known and unknown, and we manipulated the number of repeated measures (3, 4, 6, and 8) and sample size (from 10 to 300). Study 2 involved unequal distributions in each repeated measure. The distributions analyzed represent slight, moderate, and severe deviation from normality.
Results:
Overall, the results show that the Type I error and power of theF-statistic are not altered by the violation of normality.
Conclusions:
RM-ANOVA is generally robust to non-normality when the sphericity assumption is met.
Palabras clave : violation of normality; within-subject design; robustness; power; ANOVA.