Resumen

LOPEZ GARRIGOS, Pilar et al. Evolution of the kidney transplant patients' weight during the first year. Enferm Nefrol [online]. 2014, vol.17, n.3, pp.209-215. ISSN 2255-3517.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S2254-28842014000300008.

During the first year of renal transplantation is frequent a weight gain, due among others to the diet, sedentary lifestyle and immunosuppressant, causing increased risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Aim: To know the evolution of the our patients' weight during the first year after transplantation, and to analyze the influence of different variables associated with the patient, sex, age, BMI, and other immunosuppressive therapy. Determine the association between weight gain and the presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Material and methods: Retrospective and analytical study was performed. 100 patients were studied with a year of evolution in transplantation at the Hospital Virgen de la Salud (Toledo). Anthropometric, demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Weight gain was distributed according to the study variables. Results: Weight gain one year after transplantation occurred in 93 patients, with a mean of 7.21 ± 5.87 kg. 44.1% of patients gained weight above the mean, and 23.7% gained > 10 kg. Pre-transplant prevalence of overweight and obesity was 57% and 76% posttransplant. Men gained slightly more weight than women. Younger < 49 years gained more weight, mean 9.3 kg. Incidences of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia in patients with overweight and obesity were increased. Conclusions: Most patients gained weight significantly one year after transplantation and linked to several factors of metabolic syndrome. Patient education performed by nurses is important to promote healthy lifestyles.

Palabras clave : Renal transplantation; weight gain; risk factors.

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