Introduction:

Currently, when nurse practitioners try to implement patients care with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis, the main difficulty is the lack of adherence in the areas related with the domain in the art, nutritional factors control, water control and pharmacological management among others; these carry a negative impact on therapy permanence and survival.

Objective:

To explore factors that influence the adherence of adult patients on peritoneal dialysis therapy and the consequences of this lack reported in the literature.

Material and Method:

The electronic search was conducted using PubMed databases, meta search engines like Google Scholar, Epistemonikos, Scielo, among others. They were considered primary studies conducted in adults 18 to 80, between 2008-2015, in English and Spanish language.

Results:

PD patients have problems with lack of grip in greater proportion in nutritional parameters; fluid restriction followed the correct handling of technical and pharmacological guidelines given by the health care professional.

Conclusion:

Due to its complexity, the adherence should be explored by nursing professionals through phenomenological studies.