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Gaceta Sanitaria
versión impresa ISSN 0213-9111
Resumen
GIL-GIRBAU, Montse et al. Theoretical models of health promotion in primary healthcare everyday practice. Gac Sanit [online]. 2021, vol.35, n.1, pp.48-59. Epub 22-Nov-2021. ISSN 0213-9111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.06.011.
Objective
To understand which theoretical models apply to current primary care practice of primary prevention and health promotion in a sample of primary health centres of seven autonomous regions in Spain according to the various professionals involved.
Method
Descriptive qualitative research with the participation of 145 professionals from 14 primary health centres of seven autonomous regions in Spain. Theoretical sampling was used and 14 discussion groups were carried out. Data analysis followed thematic contents analysis procedures and was based on seven health promotion theoretical models at micro-, meso- and macro-level.
Results
Current practice of primary prevention and health promotion activities mainly follow intrapersonal models, which focus on assisting the empowerment of patients by means of raising awareness of risk and benefits of behavioural change and on guiding the adoption of the new healthy behaviour. To a lesser degree, the activities of some professionals adhere to interpersonal models, which involve also the family and the health professional. In only a few instances community models of health promotion were used.
Conclusions
Primary prevention and health promotion practice of primary healthcare professionals follow mainly intrapersonal models, few cases use interpersonal models and community models are only occasionally employed. Advance of public participation and community orientation in primary healthcare services is needed.
Palabras clave : Primary health care; Lifestyles; Qualitative research; Theoretical models; Everyday practice; Health promotion.