Resumen

ROCHA EIROA, Santiago José; FERREIRO LOSADA, María Teresa  y  REGAL FARALDO, María Izaskum. Cutaneous cancer occupational exposure to chemical agents. Med. segur. trab. [online]. 2014, vol.60, n.235, pp.420-433. ISSN 1989-7790.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2014000200013.

Occupational skin (cutaneous) cancer integrates a group of malignant neoplasms attributable to the exposure to carcinogenic factors in the workplace. It presents difficulties in diagnosis because of its multifactorial etiology, existence of different trigger during the work and non-work life, long latency periods and similarity to that of a non professional clinic. Currently there are differences between the chemicals identified in the list of occupational diseases as skin carcinogens and those that scientific evidence points at. A systematic review has been conducted to update the existing knowledge between the exposure to chemicals agents and the cutaneous cancer in the workplace. Eleven databases were used, establishing the following limits: not animals and publication date from 1-1-2006 to 12-12-2012. After applying the inclusion / exclusion criteria finally 16 articles were analyzed, epidemiological cohort study predominated. The level of evidence of the association between exposure to certain chemicals and skin cancer of occupational origin that determine the studies reviewed was 2 +, without any controversy about the direction of this association, being the most referenced causative agents pesticides OR with 95% CI between 1.7 (1.1-2.5) and 2.4 (95% CI 1.2-4.9) and with oil products RR of 1.99 (95% CI 1.00-3.96). In some articles the simultaneous exposure to an array of chemical agents without defining any specific substance was analyzed. No special sensitive factors or vulnerability factors were identified as they were not studied, as any protector factor. Several people already retired are included, highlighting the importance of post-occupational monitoring due to the long latency periods in certain cancers.

Palabras clave : Skin (cutaneous) cancer; occupational exposure; occupational health; occupational diseases and chemical.

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