Resumen

MARTINEZ MARTINEZ, A.; DIAZ CABALLERO, A.  y  LOPEZ APARICIO, E.. Infraorbital nerve block: realities about its use in dentistry. Av Odontoestomatol [online]. 2017, vol.33, n.1, pp.33-40. ISSN 2340-3152.

Objective: The authors conducted a clinical trial, randomized, single blind to compare the efficacy of the infraorbital nerve block with the middle superior alveolar technique in achieving pulpal anesthesia of maxillary premolars. Material and Methods: Thirty volunteers subjects received 1.8 milliliter of 2 percent of lidocaine with 1:80.000 epinephrine. Researchers assessed the degree of pulpal anesthesia with an electronic pulp testing, puncture pain, soft-tissue anesthesia and patient comfort at this anesthesia, start time and duration of anesthetic effect. The data was analyzed by using the Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whiitney and McNemar tests. Results: Pulpal anesthesia deep in the middle superior alveolar technique was significantly higher when compared to the infraorbital technique in the first and second premolar, this being 95.2% and 100% respectively for the middle superior alveolar technique and 66.7% and 42.9% in the infraorbital technique. The authors noted statistical significance in the perception of pain associated with the injection, the most painful technique was the infraorbital (p= 0.003). The onset of the anesthetic effect was shorter after applying the middle superior alveolar technique and the duration of anesthetic effect was significantly higher in the same technique. The incidence of subjective anesthesia of lips, skin, wing nose and gum was 100% for the infraorbital technique, reporting greater discomfort for the soft tissue anesthesia in this technique. Conclusions: The middle alveolar superior technique proved more effective in achieving pulpal anesthesia of maxillary premolars with respect to the infraorbital technique.

Palabras clave : Efficacy; anesthesia; lidocaine; premolars; maxilla; anesthetics; nerve block; alveolar block.

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