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Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
versión On-line ISSN 2174-5145versión impresa ISSN 2173-1292
Resumen
MARTINEZ-MATSUMOTO, Pilar et al. Risk of malnutrition and oral nutritional support in a cohort of hospital inpatients. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet [online]. 2022, vol.26, n.2, pp.147-155. Epub 12-Dic-2022. ISSN 2174-5145. https://dx.doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.26.2.1635.
Introduction:
The disease-related malnutrition is considered a serious problem since it is strongly related to higher mortality rates, longer hospital stays, and increased costs for medical care. A highly associated risk factor has been the decreased oral intake during the hospital stay; however, the use of oral nutritional supplements allows to heal the malnutrition burden having positive results. Objective: To evaluate the hospital malnutrition risk and the oral nutritional supplements effect for 4 days in anthropometric variables, energy, and protein intake in hospital inpatients.
Methodology:
A cohort study, in a third-level hospital in which within the first 24 hours of the admission, the malnutrition risk was assessed (NRS-2002), the prescribed oral nutritional supplements, its follow-up during a 4-day consumption and its impact on weight, body mass index and muscle strength estimated by dynamometry were analyzed; additionally, the nutritional intake (energy and proteins) was assessed.
Results:
A total of 290 patients (167W/123M) were assessed, with an average age of 54.7±17.3 years. The malnutrition risk prevalence at hospital admission was 50.3% and from the total patients, 10.3% (n=30) received oral nutritional supplements. After the consumption of oral nutritional supplements, an increased energy consumption was shown in those with a >50% adherence during the 4 days; we found an increased energy adequacy percentage of 73.6±33 to 101±32 (p=0.003) and protein adequacy 75.8±45 to 108±58 (p=0.016), with appropriate tolerance. No differences were documented in anthropometric and arm strength variables.
Conclusions:
The use of oral nutritional supplements during the hospital stay increases considerably the energy and protein consumption in patients with a >50% adherence with appropriate tolerance.
Palabras clave : Malnutrition; Hospital Inpatients; Oral Nutrition Supplement; Nutritional Adequacy; Nutrition support.