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Gaceta Sanitaria
versão impressa ISSN 0213-9111
Resumo
PACA-PALAO, Ada et al. Association between exclusive breastfeeding and obesity in children: a cross-sectional study of three Latin American countries. Gac Sanit [online]. 2021, vol.35, n.2, pp.168-176. Epub 29-Nov-2021. ISSN 0213-9111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.09.002.
Objective
To determine if breastfeeding for at least the first six months of life is associated with overweight and obesity in children 2 to 5 years old.
Method
Cross sectional analysis of data from national demographic and health surveys conducted in Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. Overweight and obesity were defined using World Health Organization standard definitions. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using multinomial logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of obesity in children 2 to 5 years old was 10.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 8.2-12.6) in Bolivia, 4.9% in Colombia (95%CI: 4.0-5.8), and 6.4% (95%CI: 5.2-8.0) in Peru. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for at least the first 6 months in the study population was 89.9% (95%CI: 87.8-91.9) in Bolivia, 73.9% (95%CI: 72.2-75.6) in Colombia, and 92.8% (95%CI: 91.2-92.4) in Peru. Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a decreased risk of obesity in children as compared to no breastfeeding or breastfeeding for less than 6 months in Bolivia (OR = .30; 95%CI: .16-.57) and a marginal association in Colombia (OR = .71; 95%CI: .47-1.06) and Peru (OR = .49; 95%CI: 0.23-1.04). No association between breastfeeding and overweight was found.
Conclusion
Exclusive breastfeeding for at least the first six months of life decreases the risk of obesity in children 2 to 5 years old in Bolivia. A similar but weaker pattern was observed for children in Colombia and Peru.
Palavras-chave : Breastfeeding; Children; Obesity; Overweight.