Abstract

VALVERDE EIZAGUIRRE, Miguel A.  and  INCHAUSPE AROSTEGUI, José A.. Outreach and limitations of the pharmacological treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD) in children and adolescents and Clinical Practice Guidelines: a literature review. Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq. [online]. 2014, vol.34, n.121, pp.37-74. ISSN 2340-2733.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0211-57352014000100004.

The usual story about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as stated now currently in Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) and passed on to parents and patients, presents ADHD as a common disorder in childhood and adolescence, with very significant dysfunctional consequences in various areas, and whose main therapeutic approach is based on the use of stimulant drugs considered safe and effective in the long term. These drugs are the same stimulants substances whose harmful consequences are well known in other uses in adults. In this paper we have carried out an exhaustive review of the sources from scientific evidence regarding the short and long term effectiveness of the medication, both over the ADHD nuclear symptoms as functional outcomes and risks arising from potential adverse effects. The result is disappointing and should lead to a modification of the CPGs to the use of drugs as tools of last resort, in a small number of cases and limited and short periods of time.

Keywords : Systematic Review; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs); Methylphenidate; Atomoxetine; Evidence-based Medicine; Effectiveness; Adverse Effects.

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