Resumen

BALBOA CARDEMIL, P.  y  CASTILLO DURAN, C.. Risk factors of bloodstream infections associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2011, vol.26, n.6, pp.1428-1434. ISSN 1699-5198.

Introduction: One of the complications of parenteral nutrition (PN) is bloodstream infection (BSI) associated with catheter, unknown the most important risk factors in our country. Objective: To determine risk factors of BSI associated with PN in pediatric patients in public hospitals of Santiago, Chile. Patients and methods: In two public hospitals all newborns and children receiving PN were analyzed retrospectively, from January 2002 to December 2005. The study group (SG) was formed by all those with blood cultures (+) during the administration of PN. We selected two controls for each case, children with PN and blood cultures (-) (control group, CG). We used parametric, nonparametric and logistic regression to analyze data. Results: There were 58 cases and 130 controls. Children of the SG received PN for longer days than CG: 24 (7-934) vs. 10 days (7-152) (p < 0.001), presented a higher rate of malnutrition (44.4% vs. 31%, chi2, p < 0.05) and received more frequently PN by central venous catheter than peripheral catheter (GE: 60.3% and 6.9% vs. GC: 40.9% and 16.9% respectively, chi2, p < 0.01), without differences between newborns and older children. The stepwise logistic regression showed that the only significant variable was the duration of PN in weeks (OR: 1.55,95% CI 1.28 to 1.9; p < 0,05). Conclusions: The blood stream infections associated with parenteral nutrition in children in public hospitals of Santiago, are associated with longer duration of parenteral nutrition and in less degree to the child's nutritional compromise.

Palabras clave : Parenteral nutrition; Catheter-related infections; Central venous catheter; Risk factors.

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