Abstract

RIOBOO CRESPO, M; BASCONES, A  and  RIOBOO GARCIA, R. HLA and his implication in dentistry. Av Odontoestomatol [online]. 2005, vol.21, n.2, pp.95-107. ISSN 2340-3152.

The HLA system constitute one of the most fascinated genetic systems of the humans being, able to codificate a grup of molecules (type I and type II HLA molecules) wich are present in most of the organism nucleated celules implicated in vital basic process like the immunologic answer, supporting the individual and specie integrity. Inicially considerated as a simple genetic marker, the search is now applied to a globe placed on the centre of the clinic applications, associated with several diseases, above all, with autoinmune diseases or inmunological disfunctions. For many, the advances stemming from the genome have changed the face of biological investigations and have placed the HLA study at the forefront of determined diseases wich are very frequent in dentistry like caries, temporomandibular disorders or periodontal diseases. Actuals experimental studies have focused on the HLA study to determinate the role of inmunological response under differents clinical conditions or to investigate possible components of an effective dental caries vaccine or search out the genetic predisposition towards the accumulation of oral microorganism. In the area of temporomandibular disorders, HLA studies have been employed in multisistemics diseases (juvenil arthritis), but is now demonstrate that the utilization of genetic markers allows the clinical to determine the risk of several temporomandibular disorders. There is growing evidence that differences in host response determine susceptibility and resistance to periodontal disease. Diversity of HLA antigen combinations seem to be variable factors in disease associations. However, data from HLA associations is not consistent and further investigations are necessary.

Keywords : HLA; CMH; caries; temporomandibular disorders; periodontal diseases.

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