Background and objective:

Oral mucosal lesions vary according to age, sex, and factors specific to each population; which makes it necessary to carry out a comprehensive and contextualized monitoring. The objective of the study was to characterize the type and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients in a care and teaching entity in central Colombia.

Materials and method:

Descriptive observational study that considered a database of 2.564 cases. For the analysis of the oral mucosa it was divided into three types: lining, chewing and specialized mucosa. Histopathological diagnoses were grouped into benign neoplastic lesions, malignant neoplastic, reactive processes, infectious processes, immunological alterations, developmental disorders and others. A statistical analysis of absolute and relative frequencies was performed.

Results:

The most prevalent diagnosis was related to reactive processes 39,3%, followed by infectious processes (17%), and benign (17%) and malignant neoplasms (8,7%). The reactive processes were the most frequent for both sexes, with the highest prevalence in women (58,4%). Reactive processes occur most frequently in the first decade of life; the infectious in the first two decades; benign neoplasms in the second decade of life and malignant neoplasms in people over 60 years.

Conclusions:

There is a higher prevalence of reactive lesions of the oral mucosa in the sample population, although the nature of the lesions varies according to age and sex, which makes it necessary to strengthen the early diagnosis and timely treatment of them.

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