Background:

in bone regeneration, strategies applied to bone tissue engineering have emerged that have provided promising alternatives to the use of allografts and autografts, which are limited by various complications. In order to overcome these limitations, modular synthetic bone grafts have been developed; based on calcium phosphate (CaP), used for its composition similar to that of bone.

Material and method:

a systematic review was conducted to provide histomorphometric results of the use of BCP functionalized with rhBMP-2 in bone regeneration, compared to the use of BCP alone, HA functionalized with rhBMP2 or betaTCP functionalized with rhBMP2.

Results:

a search was conducted in the Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases. The initial search yielded 91 references, of which 46 studies were obtained through Pubmed and 45 through Scopus. After removal of duplicates and evaluation of both the title and abstract, a total of 23 articles were selected for full-text analysis. 17 studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative synthesis. All of them were in vivo animal studies and compared the use of functionalized BCP with rhBMP-2

Conclusion:

with the evidence published so far, the efficacy of the association of BCP with rhBMP-2 seems to be demonstrated, when compared with the intervention using exclusively BCP, in rats and rabbits. Still, further studies are needed to evaluate the relevance of BCP as a potential carrier of rhBMP-2, or the effect of the HA:TCP ratio and the dose-dependent response to the concentration of BMP-2 when applied in humans.

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