Introduction:

Dental implant placement, surgical site healing, osseointegration, and the stability of bone tissues are challenges faced in achieving long-term implant health and stability. Probiotics are live microorganisms whose consumption in appropriate quantities can provide health benefits, playing an important role in the body by inhibiting pathogens, promoting bone tissue homeostasis, and facilitating tissue regeneration by modulating immunoinflammatory levels. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the postoperative process of bone regeneration.

Material and Methods:

An electronic search was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane for randomized clinical trials that included the effects of probiotic use on peri-implant disease, published in the last 10 years, in English, and with full text available.

Results:

Five clinical trials were included, four of which involved animal models (zebrafish, rabbits, rats) and one was in vitro. All reviewed studies revealed that probiotics such as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and extracellular proteins from Lactobacillus acidophilus showed positive effects in promoting osteogenesis, regulating inflammation, and inhibiting the formation of pathogenic biofilms.

Conclusions:

The administration of probiotics as an adjunctive treatment for bone regeneration shows great potential to improve implant health and oral bone regeneration. Additional clinical evidence is needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in the field of regenerative oral surgery.

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