Introduction:

Periodontal disease (PD) and non-communicable diseases (NCD) share a state of chronic and imbalanced inflammation. Both conditions cause inflammatory and immunological responses that result in an increase in biomarkers such as CRP, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-8, IL-ß, IL-10, among others. This study aimed to explore the relationship between local inflammation in PD and systemic inflammation in NCDs, through the analysis of various biomarkers and their variation after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT).

Material and Methods:

An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases focused on randomized clinical studies involving subjects with PD and any NCD, treated with NPT. These studies had to include an analysis of biomarkers in serum and/or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and a minimum clinical follow-up of one month, published in English or Spanish in the last 15 years. For qualitative analysis, each study was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool for Systematic Reviews.

Results:

29 randomized clinical trials were selected that related PD to the following NCDs: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)/Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pregnancy. The included studies evaluated periodontal clinical parameters, serum biomarkers, gingival crevicular fluid and/or saliva, and some considered systemic parameters of NCDs.

Conclusions:

The results obtained and current evidence indicate that local inflammation associated with periodontitis and systemic inflammation in NCDs are interconnected through various biomarkers. Therefore, treatment of PD could contribute to the reduction of the levels of these inflammatory markers.

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