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Gaceta Sanitaria
versión impresa ISSN 0213-9111
Resumen
FERRER, Laia et al. Health status among immigrant in Catalonia from a gender perspective: PELFI project. Gac Sanit [online]. 2022, vol.36, n.4, pp.368-375. Epub 19-Dic-2022. ISSN 0213-9111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.010.
Objective
The objective of the study is to assess the health status of immigrant men and women from non-EU countries living in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) and to identify the social determinants of health from a gender perspective.
Method
Cross-sectional analysis from a cohort of immigrant families recruited in Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet, in Spain (PELFI cohort). In 2015-2016, 167 immigrants answered the baseline epidemiological questionnaire and the 5-level EuroQol instrument (EQ-5D) which measures health status. To identify health determinants, Tobit models were constructed to the EQ-5D index.
Results
Women rated poorer self-perceived health (p=0.005). To be diagnosed with and illness was only associated with poor self-perceived health among men (p<0.05). Length of residence, domestic work, and especially double workload deteriorated women's health. After adjusting models by demographics and social determinants, permanent administrative status (−0.136; p=0.015) and social support (0.182; p=0.02) were associated with health status in both sexes. To have a job was associated with better health only in men.
Conclusions
Non-EU immigrants living in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona are a socially vulnerable group of population and present inequalities in health by sex. Social support and occupation are key factors of their health status. Interventions to reduce immigrant vulnerabilities and inequalities in health should promote their social inclusion and cohesion from a gender perspective.
Palabras clave : Immigration; Health status; Social determinants; Gender; Family; Socioeconomic factors; Social support; Spain.