Abstract

PLANAS RIBO, J.  and  CORONEL GAGLIARDI, R.. Collecting and criopreservation of stem cells obtained by liposuction from fat tissue. Cir. plást. iberolatinoam. [online]. 2011, vol.37, n.4, pp.319-324. ISSN 1989-2055.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0376-78922011000400002.

There are different techniques to obtain embryonic stem cells directly through cryopreserved embryos in liquid nitrogen (-196^oC), individual blastomers, ovocyte activation by nuclear transfer and stem cells from amniotic fluid, among others. It is also possible to obtain hematopoietic adult stem cells and those from the bone marrow, better well-known and used in clinics for a long time; besides, from the blood of umbilical cord in newborns and body fat in adults. The autologous fat extracted from the body using liposuction, is sometimes reused to inject or infiltrate other body and facial areas as a filling material, but in most of the cases, it is thrown away. Sometimes it´s necessary to perform several surgical operations; therefore, it would be very useful to count on a bank of personalized adipose tissue. There are different studies that demonstrate that adipose tissue obtained through conventional liposuction can be preserved and stored successfully at a low temperature (-85 ^oC) in a tissue bank for a future use. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are those with a high capacity of proliferation and differentiation with a high therapeutic value. Fat tissue is an important reservoir of MSCs, able to be differentiated in osseous, cartilaginous, muscular, etc. tissues. Therefore, if we reserve a small amount of fat tissue obtained through liposuction, we can get the enough amount and preserve the MSCs with the best method of cryopreservation. In 2007 we carried out a study of the fat obtained though liposuction in 36 patients, in order to demonstrate and validate a method for adipose tissue acquisition, with the subsequent transfer, manipulation and cryopreservation in a stem cells bank. The results were satisfactory, and in June 2010 the method for collecting, processing and storing an enriched adult stem cells mixture of sucked fat tissue was validated. This method gives the opportunity to anybody, who did not have the chance to store the umbilical cord when was just born, to keep stem cells from liposuction fat. Cryopreservation will preserve stem cells during years and, when the patient requires them, they will be thawed, and about an 80 % of them recovered.

Keywords : Stem cells; Liposuction; Cryopreservation.

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