Abstract

AGUILERA-SALGADO, A.F.  and  PEREZ-DOSAL, M.R.. Standardization of porcine experimental model for osseous maxillary defects. Cir. plást. iberolatinoam. [online]. 2014, vol.40, n.4, pp.361-368. ISSN 1989-2055.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0376-78922014000400002.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of any osseous substitute, we have to try them in experimental models before beginning with clinical trials. Published articles regarding experimental models have not an appropriate standardization which allows correct evaluation. Our project is part of an investigation to develop an osseous implant using tissue-engineering techniques. We present the first stage, where we standardize an experimental model in growing age. The study included 16 healthy creole pigs, weaned, 3 to 6 weeks of life, with a weight above 5 kg and of both genders: 10 females and 6 males. We realized a total of 56 osseous defects measuring in each one its width, thickness and length. After surgery, a head CT scan with 3D reconstruction was performed, measuring the same values. To evaluate the degree of regeneration achieved and the residual volumes, 8 weeks after surgery, a new head CT scan with 3D reconstruction was performed. Finally we clinically analyzed the defects in each pig after being euthanized, and we took samples of the regenerated tissue for its morphologic, histological, biochemical and molecular analysis. To evaluate the reproducibility of this technique we used the intraclass correlation coefficient, and for the correlation between the clinical and tomographic evaluations, we used the Pearson coefficient correlation. A total of 56 osseous defects were made, being the smallest and the largest one of 5 x 5 x 5 mm and 25 x 15 x 7 mm respectively. We found a high reproducibility in the clinical and tomographic measure of the size of the defects, with high interclass correlation coefficients. After 8 weeks, we found a high percentage of osseous regeneration in all the defects. We achieved the characterization of the regenerated tissue using electronic microscopy, hematoxylin/eosin stain, Von Kossa stain, organic component analysis and PCR, obtaining similar values to osseous tissue. Our project allowed the standardization of a surgical technique to create maxillary osseous defects in the porcine model, with good reproducibility, low surgical times and without complications in the zone.

Keywords : Osseous regeneration; Porcine model; Mandible osseous defects; Maxillary osseous defects.

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