Abstract

TERAN-SAAVEDRA, Pedro-Pablo et al. Local flaps utility for thumb coverage: our experience. Cir. plást. iberolatinoam. [online]. 2017, vol.43, suppl.1, pp.s45-s54. ISSN 1989-2055.

Background and Objective. The thumb represents 40-50%of hand function making its stability and functional reconstruction essential. Despite the development in microsurgery, the correct use of local flaps for thumb coverage can provide us appropriate solutions to difficult reconstructive problems. The aim of this paper is to present our systematic reconstruction treatment of small and moderate thumb defects using local flaps.We use the concept of functional aesthetic units of the thumb describing the flaps to be consider as first reconstructive line in each type of defect. Methods. We present a descriptive, retrospective review of 56 cases of loss of thumb substance that presented exposure of the bone, tendon or both, which could benefit from coverage by local flaps. We include age, injured hand, type of accident and injury mechanism, digital subunit affected and geometry of the lesion. We describe reconstructive technique indicated in each case. Results. 95% of the cases (53 cases) corresponded to defects in the thumb distal subunit (distal to the interphalangeal joint (IJ)) compromising the pulp and the nail plate; including 2 of them associated with proximal palmar subunit injury and 8 associated with a proximal dorsal subunit injury. The other 5% (3 cases) corresponded to the proximal dorsal subunit exclusively. We performed 17 dorsal ulnar artery modified Brunelli flaps (30%); 3 Brunelli classic (5%); 12 first dorsal metacarpal artery flap (Foucher's flap) (22%); 9 Elliot's flap (16%); 4 Elliot's flaps associated with eponychial flap (7%); 6 Littler's heterodigital flaps (12%); 3 dorsoradial collateral artery flap (Moschella's flap) (5%); and 2 Buchler's heterodigital flaps (3%). Conclusions. In application of the functional aesthetic units of the thumb reconstructive concepts for volar defects, our first reconstructive line are the palmar flaps or the heterodigital flaps due to theirmechanical characteristics and the possibility of neurotization. In some cases, we would consider the Backach eponychial flap, which provides a considerable aesthetic improvement. On the other hand, in defects of dorsal preponderance, our preference are the dorsal ulnar and radial flaps and the firstmetacarpal artery flap formajor defects cases. These types of flaps only contributeminimally for the sensitivity, but present similar characteristics with the dorsal skin in terms of thickness and elasticity.

Keywords : Thumb; Thumb reconstruction; Functional aesthetic units; Local flaps hand; Hand.

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