Resumen

CON REDONDO, Juan de  y  MARTINEZ CUERVO, Fernando. Prevalence of the pressure ulcers in a Basic Zone of Health. Gerokomos [online]. 2009, vol.20, n.2, pp.92-97. ISSN 1134-928X.

Introduction: The pressure ulcers (PU) represent an important problem of health in all the welfare levels, but a volume of them need continued care from the community. The aim of our study is to know the period of prevalence of the pressure ulcers and its distribution among other characteristics that we find in our Basic Zone of Health. Material and methods: A cut was realized for retrospective period of prevalencia in Piloña's BZH (Asturias) for the interval of time from 01/09/2004 to 31/08/2005 both included. The population to study belongs to 01/09/2004 to 31/08/2005 both included. The population to study belongs to 8475 inhabitants, (information of the Municipal poll updated in 2005) of which 4339 were women. There were 2644 persons over 65 years old of which 853 are over 80 years old. It is a dispersed, aged population and in regression with an index of dependence of 0,69. Was considered to be PU's case anyone that with an index of dependence of 0,69. Was considered to be PU's case anyone that should consist in the record of the Clinical History of Primary care, an electronic format OMI - AP 6.0, of our Team of Primary care for the studied period. Results: There were studied 33 PU (32 patients) of which 20 (60,60 %) women were suffering them. The middle ages were of 88,21 ± 9,98 years. The raw period of prevalencia (RP) of PU for the whole of the population was 0,39 % and the reason of prevalencia woman / male was of 1,48. For groups of age in <65 years old the absolute frequency (AF of the wounds was of 1 (3 %) ulcers and the RP was 0,02%. In 65 years old the FA was 32 (97 %) ulcers and the RP of 1,22%. In the group of 80 and more years old the AF was 29 (88 %) ulcers and the RP of 1,22%. In the group of 80 and more years old the AF was 29 (88 %) ulcers and the RP of 3,40 %. 69 % of the persons with PU was included in the service of Domiciliary Attention and the RP of period of PU for the population included in this service was 12,78 %. 27,27 % (9 wounds) was with the Stadium I, 42,42% (14 wounds) with the Stadium II, one 18,18 % with the Stadium III and one 12,12 % (4 wounds) with the Stadium the IV_th. The most frequent location was the heel with 33,33 % (10 wounds) of wounds, it was followed by the sacral zone with 27,27 % (9 wounds) of wounds, in the leg there were 9,09 % (3 wounds) of wounds and the rest 6,06 % (2 wounds) of wounds in other locations. The level of well-being places where the wounds were originated is 60,6 % (20 wounds) in the domicile of the persons, 39,4 % (13 wounds) in the hospital and no record in sanitary associated centres; being of principal severity (Stadiums the III and IV) the originated ones in the hospital. Conclusions: The implantation and utilization of protocols of valuation and record with the support of the new technologies allows to have real and trustworthy information on the population of our BZH, making possible a temporary follow-up of PU's prevalencia and other ones epidemiological indicators.

Palabras clave : Pressure ulcers; epidemiology; prevalence; costs; Primary Care of Health; Asturias.

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