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Gerokomos
versión impresa ISSN 1134-928X
Resumen
IMAGINARIO, Cristina; MACHADO, Paulo; ANTUNES, Cristina y MARTINS, Teresa. Functional profile of institutionalized elderly patients in residential care: A pilot study. Gerokomos [online]. 2018, vol.29, n.2, pp.59-64. ISSN 1134-928X.
Context:
The loss of autonomy and independence among the elderly contribute to an increase in the rate of institutional care.
Objectives:
To develop a functional profile of the elderly residing in residential care facilities in the surrounding region of a town in the Trás-os-Montes region.
Methodology:
This is an exploratory study using descriptive statistics to establish the profile of the elderly involved in the study. The research was based on a convenience sample of 82 subjects.
Instruments:
Mini-Mental State Examination; Self-Care Evaluation Form; Barthel Index; Lawton and Brody Scale and a Health Evaluation Form.
Results:
The elderly who are in residential care are primarily widowed women, with an average age of 81.8, and with a low level of education, who reside in these institutions for an average of 21.5 months. In terms of their cognition, 68.3% show a cognitive deficit, while 12.7% are dependent on all aspects of self-care, and 22.27% need assistance from someone or from some type of equipment. Nearly all the subjects, 95.1%, require assistance to prepare and to take medication prescribed to them. It is important to note that 69.6% of the elderly show changes in their nutritional state and that 79.3% have a limited range of motion. In addition, 62.2% have elimination problems, especially urinary incontinence, while 30.5% have constipation problems.
Conclusions:
The institutionalized elderly experience problems related to basic health care, highlighting the need to create intervention plans to promote self-care, independence and autonomy.
Palabras clave : Elderly; institutionalization; functional capacity.