Background:

Asthma is an important public health issue. The goal of this study was to analyse the trends in self-reported asthma prevalence in the Madrid Region and its association with socio-demographic and health factors.

Methods:

Data from the “Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System” in adult population [SIVFRENT-A] 1996-2013 were used. Prevalences and 95% CI were estimated for: current asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack in the last 12 months, in five periods. Changes in inter-period prevalence were estimated by calculating prevalence ratios [PR] with 95% CI by Poisson regression. The association between asthma prevalence socio-demographic and health variables was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression.

Results:

Current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma increased per study period an average of 14%. Asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months increased an average of 19%. It was associated [statistically significant] to an increase of current prevalence of asthma, cumulative prevalence of asthma and asthma attack prevalence in the last 12 months: being a woman [ORa: 1.55; ORa: 1.35 and ORa: 1.46 respectively]; have poor self-perceived health, [ORa: 3.09; ORa: 2.63 and ORa: 2.89]; and intense physical activity [ORa: 1.48; ORa: 1.32 and ORa: 1.49]. In the case of current prevalence of asthma and cumulative prevalence of asthma also be studying [ORa: 1.34 and ORa: 1.46 respectively].

Conclusion:

Self-reported asthma prevalence increased in the last decades. The prevalence was higher in woman, persons with poor self-perceived health and adults with intense physical activity.

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