Objective

To evaluate the risk factors for healthcare-associated infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Method

This is a retrospective case-control study that consisted of a sample of 82 infected patients and 164 controls, totaling 246 patients. Data collection was performed between January and May 2017 through search in the Automated Hospital Infection Control System and in the electronic patient records.

Results

Patients previously colonized with gram-negative microorganisms (OR: 10.7, 95% CI: 2-60, p=0.007), with cancer (OR: 20.8, 95% CI: 4-120, p<0.001), using a double lumen catheter (OR: 30.5, 95% CI: 2-382, p=0.008), with pressure injury (OR: 136.2, 95% CI: 11- 1623, p<0.001) and Intensive Care Unit stay (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6, p <0.001) had a greater chance of developing Healthcare-associated Infections caused by KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceaethan the control group. The area under the ROC curve showed a good overall performance (0.99, 95% CI: 0.992-0.998) of the final logistic regression model.

Conclusion

Previous colonization, cancer, double lumen catheter use, pressure injury and ICU stay were very important risk factors for the acquisition of infections in the hospital environment.

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