Introduction:

The main pathologies that require a recompression therapy are decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE), boths can be caused by pressure-related activites and certain amount of gas (dissolved or not) in the victim´s blood. Besides diving other pressure-related activities put the person in risk of this pathologies.

Aim:

To investigate the main place of production of these pathologies and their physiological base.

Methods:

we reviewed all charts of patients with DCS and AGE from 1970-2017 at Centro de Buceo de la Armada (Cartagena).

Results:

There were 392 cases, 345 (88%) diving related, 36 (9,18%) hyperbaric chamber-related, 6 (1,53%) submarine activities related and 4 (1,02%) hypobaric activities-related.

Conclusions:

Diving injuries rates are the most important but any pressure-related activity can be risky even hyperbaric chamber activity, considered the safest pressure-related activity.