Introduction:

Inadequate adherence to pharmacological treatment and hemodialysis sessions leads to complications for patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective:

To analyze the factors associated with adherence to hemodialysis and pharmacological treatment.

Material and Method:

This non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and observational study was conducted following approval from the Ethics Committee. The population consisted of 90 patients, from which a sample of 71 was obtained. Information was collected through a questionnaire consisting of the Batalla and MMAS-8 tests. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25.

Resultados:

49.30% of patients showed adherence to hemodialysis sessions. However, 94.37% displayed a lack of adherence to pharmacological treatment. Factors associated with adherence to the sessions included age, knowledge about the disease, duration of hemodialysis, number of comorbidities, and number of medications. Factors associated with adherence to pharmacological treatment were knowledge about chronic kidney disease and the number of comorbidities.

Conclusions:

There is a higher probability of attending hemodialysis sessions when the patient is older, knows about the disease, and has been undergoing dialysis treatment for more than five years. There is a higher likelihood of low pharmacological adherence when the patient has three or more comorbidities. Implementing educational intervention programs is recommended, along with considering strategies such as booklets or mobile phone alarms for medication intake and attendance at hemodialysis.