<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0211-5735</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0211-5735</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0211-57352026000100017</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s0211-57352026000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación entre la autoeficacia y el miedo al parto en mujeres embarazadas: Una revisión sistemática]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Fear of Childbirth in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapi-Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karen Lizbeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orozco-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adelaida Rojas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guadarrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalinda Guadarrama]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Virginia Flores]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Estudios Sobre la Universidad-UAEMex  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UAEMex Facultad de Ciencias de la Conducta ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Universitario UAEM Ecatepec  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>149</numero>
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0211-57352026000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0211-57352026000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0211-57352026000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El miedo al parto es frecuente durante el embarazo y se asocia con diversos desenlaces maternos y obstétricos. La autoeficacia, entendida como la percepción de la capacidad para afrontar el parto, se ha identificado como un factor relevante en la regulación de este miedo. Esta revisión sistemática analizó principalmente la relación entre miedo al parto y autoeficacia, así como con otros factores, en mujeres embarazadas. Se incluyeron 19 estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025 obtenidos de las plataformas Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest y LILACS. Los estudios, de diseño transversal y longitudinal, utilizaron instrumentos validados y mostraron de forma consistente una relación inversa entre el miedo al parto y la autoeficacia. El miedo al parto se asoció también con peor salud percibida y menor apoyo social, mientras que la autoeficacia se asoció con educación prenatal, bienestar emocional y apoyo de la pareja. Se concluye que es necesario promover enfoques integradores para la prevención y abordaje del miedo al parto.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Fear of childbirth is common during pregnancy and has been associated with various maternal and obstetric outcomes. Self-efficacy, understood as the perceived ability to cope with childbirth, has been identified as an important factor in the regulation of this fear. This systematic review primarily analyzed the relationship between fear of childbirth and self-efficacy, as well as other associated factors, in pregnant women. Nineteen studies published between 2020 and 2025 were included from Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and LILACS databases. The studies, which employed cross-sectional and longitudinal designs, used validated instruments and generally reported an inverse relationship between fear of childbirth and self-efficacy. Fear of childbirth was also associated with poorer perceived health and lower social support, whereas self-efficacy was associated with prenatal education, emotional well-being, and partner support. These findings highlight the need to promote integrative approaches for the prevention and management of fear of childbirth.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Miedo al parto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autoeficacia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[embarazo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fear of childbirth]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[self efficacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pregnancy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamisan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Atan I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Safian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychosocial determinants of childbirth fear among Asian women: A scoping review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Healthcare (Basel)]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hessman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sjöblom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dencker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jangsten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mollberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Definitions, measurements and prevalence of fear of childbirth: a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Houghton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Establishing a valid construct of fear of childbirth: Findings from in-depth interviews with women and midwives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Connell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khashan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leahy-Warren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Neill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>CD013321</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fadlalmola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibrahem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ismail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abedelwahed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of antenatal education on maternal self-efficacy, fear of childbirth, and birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Midwifery]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Prevalence of fear of childbirth and its association with intolerance of uncertainty and coping styles among pregnant chinese women during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Psychiatr]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>935760</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieminen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wijma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johansson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe fear of childbirth indicates high perinatal costs for Swedish women giving birth to their first child]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>438-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dencker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Begley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jangsten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mollberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Causes and outcomes in studies of fear of childbirth: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Women and Birth]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>99-111</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NK.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal confidence for labor: development of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Res Nurs Health]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>141-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caughey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emeis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of childbirth self-efficacy on perinatal outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>465-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kochan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kabukcuoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of antenatal education on childbirth self-efficacy: A systematic-review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Psychol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>11367-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdolalipour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohammad-Alizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Charandabi S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mashayekh-Amiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirghafourvand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on self-efficacy and fear of childbirth in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analyses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Affect Disord]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>333</volume>
<page-range>257-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKenzie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bossuyt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boutron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mulrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>372</volume>
<page-range>n71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Downes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brennan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ Open]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fear of childbirth in nulliparous women: A cross-sectional multicentre study in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Women and Birth]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>136-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilgin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coskun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coskuner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Potur D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ayd&#305;n E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychosocial predictors of the fear of childbirth in Turkish pregnant women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>123-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shakarami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirghafourvand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdolalipour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jafarabadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iravani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of fear, anxiety and self-efficacy of childbirth among primiparous and multiparous women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>642</numero>
<issue>642</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The prevalence and predictors of fear of childbirth among pregnant Chinese women: a hierarchical regression analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>643</numero>
<issue>643</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fear of childbirth and its predictors in re-pregnant women after cesarean section: a cross-sectional multicenter study in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>293</numero>
<issue>293</issue>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correlation between fear of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy during labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>258</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dwiarini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between fear of childbirth, self-efficacy, and length of labor among nulliparous women in Indonesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Midwifery]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Effati-Daryani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohammadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirghafourvand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Childbirth self-efficacy and fear of childbirth and their predictors in adolescent and adult pregnant women referring to health centres of Urmia-Iran: A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ Open]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Min]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fear of childbirth and its determinants in pregnant women in the third trimester: a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>574</numero>
<issue>574</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hildingsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nordin-Remberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wells]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johansson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cluster analysis of fear of childbirth, anxiety, depression, and childbirth self-efficacy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol Neonat Nurs]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>522-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilgin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coskun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tunc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictive power of self-efficacy on the fear of childbirth in pregnant women: Underlying mechanisms of social support as a mediator and the COVID-19 fear as a moderator]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Niger J Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>330-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preand postpartum fear of childbirth and its predictors among rural women in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>394</numero>
<issue>394</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elsharkawy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alruwaili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elsayed Ramadan O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alruwaili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ouda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MMA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oraby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and determinants of fear of childbirth among pregnant women in Egypt: A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Midwifery]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<page-range>136</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of childbirth self-efficacy, fear of childbirth, and labor pain intensity between primiparas and multiparas during the latent phase of labor: a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>400</numero>
<issue>400</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohammadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbaspoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between spiritual health, fear of childbirth, and self-efficacy in Iranian primiparous women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Relig Health]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gürsoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between fear of birth and prenatal attachment and childbirth self-efficacy perception in primigravida women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>462</numero>
<issue>462</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forbes-McKay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Humphrey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predicting fear of childbirth during pregnancy, the positive role of self-efficacy and mental well-being: a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZZ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Min]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The trajectory and influencing factors of fear of childbirth in third trimester primiparas: A prospective longitudinal study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Adv Nurs]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>4712-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rashidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hesari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shariatnia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Razi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MohammadiAubi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regression model of fear of childbirth in pregnant women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2782</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Girardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trueba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autoeficacia: una revisión aplicada a diversas áreas de la psicología]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ajayu: Órgano de Difusión Científica del Departamento de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>299-325</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Egele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klopp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An empirical ranking of the importance of the sources of self-efficacy for physical activity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Psychol Behav Med]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2567322</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Çiçek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ö]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aypar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Akbag NN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durmazoflu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oztürk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ç.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between fear of childbirth and birth self-efficacy in low and high-risk pregnant women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1181</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dahl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haruna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takegata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Severinsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Links between patient safety and fear of childbirth&#8212;A meta-study of qualitative research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nurs Open]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB de O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BRG de O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bussadori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC de C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wernet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Communication between healthcare professionals and parturients during the childbirth experience: a mixed-methods study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Bras Enferm]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leahy-Warren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benyamini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kazmierczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karlsdottir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spyridou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Women&#8217;s psychological experiences of physiological childbirth: A meta-synthesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ Open]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fear of childbirth and associated risk factors in healthy pregnant women in northwest of china: A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychol Res Behav Manag]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>731-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
