<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0211-6995</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nefrología (Madrid)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nefrología (Madr.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0211-6995</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Nefrología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0211-69952016000400389</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.nefro.2016.02.008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio de intervención aleatorizado para evaluar la prevalencia de enfermedad ateromatosa y renal ocultas y su impacto en la morbimortalidad: Proyecto ILERVAS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Randomised intervention study to assess the prevalence of subclinical vascular disease and hidden kidney disease and its impact on morbidity and mortality: The ILERVAS project]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betriu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Àngels]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farràs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abajo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez-Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Montserrat]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ferran]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miquel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lecube]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Albert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerard]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdivielso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elvira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut de Recerca Biomèdica (IRBLleida)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Servicio de Nefrología Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento Enfermedades Aterotrombóticas (UDETMA)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Área Básica de Salut Borges Blanques  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Lérida]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,IRBLleida Departamento Bioestadística ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Servicio de Nefrología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Servicio de Neumología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Dirección de Atención Primaria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Servicio de Endocrinología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<institution><![CDATA[,IRBLleida Departamento de Medicina Experimental Grupo de Fisiopatología Metabólica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Servicio de Neurología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A12">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitari de Santa María Servicio de Medicina Interna ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A13">
<institution><![CDATA[,IRBLleida Laboratorio de Nefrología Experimental ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lérida ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>389</fpage>
<lpage>396</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0211-69952016000400389&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0211-69952016000400389&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0211-69952016000400389&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes y objetivos: La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) y la ateromatosis son 2 enfermedades interrelacionadas que aumentan el riesgo de morbimortalidad cardiovascular. Los objetivos del proyecto ILERVAS son: 1) conocer la prevalencia de enfermedad ateromatosa subclínica y de enfermedad renal oculta; 2) valorar el impacto de su diagnóstico precoz sobre la morbimortalidad cardiovascular y la progresión de la ERC; 3) disponer de una plataforma de datos y muestras biológicas.  Métodos: Estudio de intervención aleatorizado. Entre 2015 y 2017 se incluirá a 19.800 personas (9.900 en el grupo de intervención y 9.900 en el grupo control) entre 45 y 70 años, sin antecedentes de enfermedad cardiovascular y que presenten al menos un factor de riesgo cardiovascular, seleccionadas aleatoriamente de los centros de atención primaria (AP) de la provincia de Lérida. Un equipo técnico experto se desplazará con una unidad móvil para realizar las exploraciones basales al grupo de intervención: ecografía arterial (carótida, femoral, transcraneal y aorta abdominal), medición del índice tobillo-brazo, espirometría, detección de los productos de glicación avanzada y analítica seca de sangre y orina. Adicionalmente, se recogerán muestras de sangre y orina que serán almacenadas en el biobanco para identificar nuevos biomarcadores con biología de sistemas. Los participantes serán seguidos hasta 2025 para la identificación de eventos cardiovasculares, cambios de tratamiento y modificación de estilos de vida.  Conclusiones: El proyecto ILERVAS permitirá conocer la prevalencia de enfermedad vascular y de enfermedad renal subclínicas, evaluar si su diagnóstico precoz tiene un beneficio en la salud e investigar factores de riesgo emergentes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atherosclerosis are 2 interrelated diseases that increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objectives of the ILERVAS project are: 1) to determine the prevalence of subclinical arterial disease and hidden kidney disease; 2) to assess the impact of early diagnosis of both diseases on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and also on the progression of CKD; 3) to have a platform of data and biological samples.  Methods: Randomized intervention study. From 2015 to 2017, 19,800 people (9,900 in the intervention group and 9,900 in the control group) aged between 45 and 70 years without previous history of cardiovascular disease and with at least one cardiovascular risk factor will be randomly selected from the primary health care centres across the province of Lérida. A team of experts will travel around in a mobile unit to carry out the following baseline tests on the intervention group: Artery ultrasound; (carotid, femoral, transcranial and abdominal aorta); ankle-brachial index; spirometry; determination of advanced glycation end products; dried blood spot and urine spot tests. Additionally, blood and urine samples will be collected and stored in the biobank to identify new biomarkers using omics studies. Participants will be followed up until 2025 for identification of cardiovascular events, treatment changes and changes in lifestyle.  Conclusions: The ILERVAS project will reveal the prevalence of subclinical vascular disease and hidden kidney disease, determine whether or not their early diagnosis brings health benefits and will also allow investigation of new risk factors.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad cardiovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Placa de ateroma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad renal oculta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico precoz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Capacidad pulmonar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biomarcadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prevención]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiovascular disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atherosclerotic plaque]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hidden kidney disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Early diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lung capacity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biomarkers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prevention]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>European Society of Cardiology</collab>
<collab>European Heart Network</collab>
<collab>British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford</collab>
<source><![CDATA[European Cardiovascular Disease Statistics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística. INE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Defunciones según la causa de muerte]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Registro Español de Hemodinámica y Cardiología Intervencionista. XXIII Informe Oficial de la Sección de Hemodinámica y Cardiología Intervencionista de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología (1990-2013)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García del Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rumoroso Cuevas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trillo Nouche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Española Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>1013-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines developed in collaboration with the American Society]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alpert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Budoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fayad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>e50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carotid intima-media thickness and presence or absence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk. The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) Study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nambi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chambless]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Folsom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>1600-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison between measures of atherosclerosis and risk of stroke: The Rotterdam study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koudstaal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bots]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grobbee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Stroke]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>2367-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, 1987-1993]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chambless]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Folsom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosamond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szklo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharrett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<page-range>483-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measurements of carotid intima-media thickness and of interadventitia common carotid diameter improve prediction of cardiovascular events: Results of the IMPROVE (carotid intima media thickness [IMT] and IMT-progression as predictors of vascular events in a High Risk European Population) Study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baldassarre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamsten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Humphries]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>1489-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The value of carotid artery plaque and intima-media thickness for incident cardiovascular disease: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szklo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kronmal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zavodni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Heart Assoc]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>e000087</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>340</volume>
<page-range>115-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative determinants of 4-year cardiovascular event rates in stable outpatients at risk of or with atherothrombosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eagle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahoney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>304</volume>
<page-range>1350-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gohlke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#381;]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verschuren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Heart J]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1635-701</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2007 guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The task force for the management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominiczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cifkova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Germano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Hypertens]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>1105-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: A statement from the American Heart Association Councils on kidney in cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure research, clinical cardiology, and epidemiology and prevention]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarnak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schoolwerth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coresh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Culleton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<page-range>2154-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of subclinical atheromatosis and associated risk factors in chronic kidney disease: The NEFRONA study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betriu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez-Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arcidiacono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cannata-Andia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascual]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdivielso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrol Dial Transplant]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1415-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in primary care: prevalence of chronic kidney disease and impact on referral to nephrology]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lou Arnal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boned Juliani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turón Calzada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gimeno Orna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>329-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of chronic renal disease in Spain: Results of the EPIRCE study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francisco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gayoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>78-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marshall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sjöström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Booth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainsworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Med Sci Sports Exerc]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>1381-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors: A randomized trial]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estruch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas-Salvadó]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Using the Berlin questionnaire to identify patients at risk for the sleep apnea syndrome]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Netzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoohs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Netzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strohl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intern Med]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<page-range>485-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth sleepiness scale]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sleep]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>540-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2011 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brogneaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sprynger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magnée]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lancellotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Médicale Liège]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>560-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#381;]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catapano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taskinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M-R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiklund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Española Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>1168.e1-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with alterations in carotid intima - media thickness in hypertension: Baseline data from the European lacidipine study on atherosclerosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanchetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hennig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Hypertens]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>949-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2013 ESH/ESC practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narkiewicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Redon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanchetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Böhm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Blood Press]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>3-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carotid and femoral ultrasound morphology screening and cardiovascular events in low risk subjects: A 10-year follow-up study (the CAFES-CAVE study(1))]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belcaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolaides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramaswami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cesarone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanctis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Incandela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atherosclerosis]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>156</volume>
<page-range>379-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multi-ethnic study of aterosclerosis: Objectives and design]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bild]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bluemke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Detrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diez Roux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Folsom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>156</volume>
<page-range>871-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004-2006-2011)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Touboul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hennerici]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meairs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amarenco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bornstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cerebrovasc Dis]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>290-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of &amp;gt;/=50% and &amp;lt;50% intracranial stenoses by transcranial color-coded duplex sonography]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumgartner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Stroke]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>87-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alternative ankle-brachial index method identifies additional at-risk individuals]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nead]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leeper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<page-range>553-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>150</volume>
<page-range>604-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
