<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112018001200004</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.2280</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Dieta y microbiota. Impacto en la salud]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diet and microbiota. Impact on health]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Calatayud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Requena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ascensión]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Sección de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>spe6</numero>
<fpage>11</fpage>
<lpage>15</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112018001200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112018001200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112018001200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La microbiota autóctona es esencial para los seres vivos, incluso desde antes del nacimiento. Diversos factores pueden intervenir en su adecuado desarrollo, sobre todo en los primeros meses de vida, hasta alcanzar el estado de microbiota madura al final del segundo año de vida. Aún así, la dieta, el estilo de vida, el consumo de antibióticos o el proceso de envejecimiento van a determinar cambios en su composición y, como consecuencia, la posibilidad de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. En la actualidad, hay suficiente evidencia científica que refuerza la importancia de la dieta para el establecimiento, la estructura y la actividad funcional de la microbiota intestinal, así como estudios que demuestran el papel de la dieta en determinadas enfermedades a través de sus efectos sobre las comunidades microbianas del intestino. La modulación de la microbiota intestinal a través de la intervención dietética se ha convertido en una estrategia terapéutica y preventiva emergente para muchas enfermedades. Los probióticos y los prebióticos también serían efectivos para restablecer la diversidad de las bacterias beneficiosas y contribuir a una microbiota con capacidad de pasar de estados de enfermedad a situaciones más saludables.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The autochthonous microbiota is essential for life even before birth. Diverse factors can influence the microbiota development, especially in the first months of life, reaching the state of mature microbiota when the child is around two years old. Even so, diet, lifestyle, antibiotic consumption or the aging process will determine changes in its composition and, as a consequence, the possibility of suffering chronic non-communicable diseases. Currently, there is sufficient scientific evidence to strengthen the importance of diet for the establishment, structure and functional activity of the gut microbiota, as well as many studies that demonstrate the role of diet in certain diseases through its effects on microbial communities of the gut. Modulation of the gut microbiota through dietary intervention is an emerging therapeutic and preventive strategy for many conditions. Probiotics and prebiotics may also be effective for restoration of beneficial bacteria and microbiota diversity capable to shift from disease to health promoting states.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microbiota intestinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dieta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Probióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prebióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gut microbiota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Probiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prebiotics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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