<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112021000300667</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.03513</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Pelagra: una enfermedad antigua en un mundo moderno]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pellagra: an ancient disease in a modern world]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela Departamento de Dermatología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>667</fpage>
<lpage>670</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000300667&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000300667&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000300667&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: la pelagra es una enfermedad sistémica secundaria a la deficiencia de vitamina B3 o de su precursor, el triptófano. La vitamina B3 es necesaria para varios procesos metabólicos, de señalización celular y reparación del ADN. Se caracteriza por la tétrada clásica de dermatitis, diarrea, demencia y muerte. La misma es considerada una enfermedad rara hoy en día; sin embargo, con el auge de las dietas restrictivas sin la adecuada suplementación, como es el caso del veganismo, se ha visto un aumento de los casos en los últimos años.  Caso clínico: exponemos el caso de una paciente adulta joven, vegana estricta, a la cual se le realizó el diagnóstico de pelagra y se le instauró un tratamiento de forma precoz, con una excelente evolución.  Discusión: el interés del caso radica en la importancia de la sospecha clínica y la anamnesis dirigida a factores sociales y nutricionales, adaptados a la época actual, para poder hacer el diagnóstico de una enfermedad rara e infradiagnosticada que es potencialmente mortal de retrasarse el inicio del tratamiento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: pellagra is a systemic disease due to deficiency of vitamin B3 or tryptophan, its precursor. Vitamin B3 is needed for several metabolic processes, cell signaling, and DNA repair. It is characterized by a classic tetrad of dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death. Pellagra is considered rare nowadays; however, due to the popularity of restrictive diets without necessary supplementation such us veganism, there has been an increase in cases in recent years.  Case report: we report the case of a young strict vegan female patient in which a pellagra diagnosis was made, and early treatment was administered with an excellent outcome.  Discussion: the interest of this case lies in the importance of clinical suspicion and directed history taking focused on social and nutritional factors, as adapted for the current times, in order to make the diagnosis of a rare, subdiagnosed disease that is life-threatening if treatment is delayed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pelagra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dieta vegana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fotodermatosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niacina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pellagra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vegan diet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Photodermatosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Niacin]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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