<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112021000500007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.3793</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Obesidad en la población infantil en España y factores asociados]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Childhood obesity in Spain and associated factors]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Sobaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aránzazu]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Dolores]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loria Kohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Viviana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermejo López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Complutense de Madrid Grupo de investigación VALORNUT-UCM (920030) Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos. Facultad de Farmacia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>spe2</numero>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112021000500007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública importante, también en España. El estudio ALADINO, en el contexto de la estrategia COSI de la Oficina Europea de la OMS, monitoriza la situación ponderal de los escolares españoles de 6 a 9 años y analiza los factores asociados al padecimiento de sobrepeso y obesidad. Los datos de la oleada de 2019 indican que un 23,3 % de los escolares tienen sobrepeso y un 17,3 % tienen obesidad. Un porcentaje elevado de escolares desayuna habitualmente, aunque la calidad de esta comida es muy mejorable. Se constata que la frecuencia de consumo de frutas y verduras es baja e inferior a la de otros países participantes en la estrategia COSI. En cuanto al estilo de vida, más del 70 % de los escolares son activos, aunque este porcentaje es inferior a la media europea. También es menor el tiempo de exposición a pantallas que en otros países, aunque mejorable en un porcentaje elevado de escolares. Hay un menor porcentaje de escolares con obesidad que desayunan o son activos en comparación con los que tiene peso normal, mientras que son más sedentarios, dedican menos horas a dormir, y disponen con mayor probabilidad de TV o dispositivos electrónicos en su habitación. Es prioritario favorecer el acceso a dietas más saludables y la promoción de estilos de vida más activos y menos sedentarios, tanto en el entorno familiar como en el escolar, desde edades tempranas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Childhood obesity is an important public health problem, also in Spain. The ALADINO study, in the context of the COSI strategy of the WHO European office, monitors the weight status of Spanish schoolchildren aged 6 to 9 years, and analyzes the associated factors. Data from the 2019 wave indicate that 23.3 % of schoolchildren are overweight, and 17.3 % are obese. A high percentage of schoolchildren eat breakfast regularly, although breakfast quality can be improved. The frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables is low, even lower than that of other countries participating in the COSI strategy. In terms of lifestyle, more than 70 % of schoolchildren are active, although this percentage is lower than the European average. Screen exposure time is also shorter than in other countries, but this habit may be improved in a high percentage of schoolchildren. There is a lower percentage of schoolchildren with obesity who have breakfast or are active compared to those of normal weight, while they are more sedentary, spend fewer hours sleeping, and are more likely to have a TV or electronic devices in their room. It is a priority to promote access to healthier diets and the promotion of more active and less sedentary lifestyles, both in the family and at school, from an early age.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escolares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[España]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hábitos dietéticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estilo de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Schoolchildren]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dietary habits]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lifestyle]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>N. C. D. Risk Factor Collaboration</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016:a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>390</volume>
<numero>10113</numero>
<issue>10113</issue>
<page-range>2627-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Obesity and overweight]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawlor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Childhood obesity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>375</volume>
<numero>9727</numero>
<issue>9727</issue>
<page-range>1737-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kobayashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity and Its Psychological and Health Comorbidities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annu Rev Clin Psychol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>351-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bardugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Twig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adolescent and Childhood Obesity and Excess Morbidity and Mortality in Young Adulthood-a Systematic Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Obes Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición (AESAN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Vigilancia de la obesidad Infantil]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición (AESAN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio ALADINO 2019:Estudio sobre Alimentación, Actividad Física, Desarrollo Infantil y Obesidad en España 2019]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Sobaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermejo López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio Vizuete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Situación ponderal de la población escolar de 6 a 9 años en España:resultados del estudio ALADINO 2019]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Growth reference data for 5-19 years]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015-2017]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Copenhagen ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO Regional Office for Europe]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gubbels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Assema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kremers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Dietary Patterns among Children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Nutr Rep]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>105-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikkila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasanen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raitakari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viikari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Longitudinal changes in diet from childhood into adulthood with respect to risk of cardiovascular diseases:The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1038-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monzani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caputo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Archero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Systematic Review of the Association of Skipping Breakfast with Weight and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[What Should We Better Investigate in the Future?Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scaglioni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Cosmi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciappolino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parazzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brambilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agostoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors Influencing Children's Eating Behaviours]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaput]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willumsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bull]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekelund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Firth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for children and adolescents aged 5-17 years:summary of the evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>141</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janssen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leblanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents:risk factors and prevention]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>658-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwarzfischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruszfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stolarczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escribano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rousseaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior From 6 to 11 Years]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>143</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gebremariam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altenburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lakerveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stronks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chinapaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Associations between socioeconomic position and correlates of sedentary behaviour among youth:a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obes Rev]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>988-1000</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
