<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112023000100014</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.04083</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estado nutricional de los adultos ecuatorianos y su distribución según las características sociodemográficas. Estudio transversal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional status in Ecuadorian adults and its distribution according to socio-demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinueza-Veloz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia-Veloz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Estephany C]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia-Veloz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolalde-Cifuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tomás Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carpio-Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tannia Valeria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Medicina Trópical &#8220;Pedro Kourí&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitat de València Facultat de Farmàcia Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Burjassot Valencia]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Riobamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Facultad de Salud Pública Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Humana]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Riobamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>102</fpage>
<lpage>108</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: el 30 % de la población mundial presenta actualmente problemas de sobrepeso y obesidad, mientras que en Ecuador la incidencia es del 64,68 %. La identificación de grupos poblacionales más vulnerables al sobrepeso y la obesidad es un tema básico para establecer mejores políticas públicas.  Objetivo: identificar a los grupos poblacionales con riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad según determinantes sociodemográficos (etnia, estado civil, pobreza y edad).  Métodos: estudio transversal. Se analizaron los datos de 89.212 adultos de ambos sexos provenientes del estudio ENSANUT-EC 2018. Se utilizó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) para evaluar la prevalencia del sobrepeso y la obesidad, y se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple para relacionar el IMC con los determinantes sociodemográficos.  Resultados: las mujeres presentaron en promedio 1,03 kg/m2 más que los hombres y el IMC se elevó 0,04 kg/m2 por cada año de edad. En relación al estado civil, los casados presentaron 1,14 kg/m2 más que los solteros. Tomando en cuenta los quintiles de pobreza y al q1 como categoría de referencia, los quintiles 2, 3 y 4 mostraron un IMC mayor en 0,65, 0,88, 0,77 y 0,41 kg/m2, respectivamente (p &lt; 0,001). En cuanto a la etnia, los indígenas presentaron un IMC 0,78 kg/m2 menor que el de los blancos; los montubios y los afroamericanos presentaron 0,37 y 0,61 kg/m2, respectivamente, más que los blancos. Las personas que residen en el área urbana presentan 0,41 kg/m2 más que los residentes del área rural.  Conclusiones: identificamos grupos de mayor riesgo nutricional, como las mujeres y las personas casadas, para el sobrepeso y la obesidad, mientras que los indígenas y las personas más pobres tienen riesgo de bajo peso, lo que indica que en Ecuador los adultos presentan problemas tanto de exceso como de déficit. Es necesaria la implementación de políticas dirigidas a grupos poblacionales específicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: 30 % of the world population currently has overweight and obesity problems, while in Ecuador this is 64.68 %. The identification of population groups more vulnerable to overweight and obesity is a basic issue to establish better public policies.  Objective: to identify the population groups at risk of overweight and obesity according to socio-demographic determinants (ethnicity, marital status, poverty and age).  Methods: a cross-sectional study. Data from 89,212 adults of both sexes were analyzed. Body mass index (BMI) was used to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to relate BMI to sociodemographic determinants.  Results: women had an average of 1.03 kg/m2 more than men, and BMI rose by 0.04 kg/m2 for each year of age. In relation to marital status, married people presented 1.14 kg/m2 more than single people. Taking into account the poverty quintiles and q1 as a reference category, quintiles 2, 3 and 4 showed a higher BMI of 0.65, 0.88, 0.77 and 0.41 kg/m2, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Regarding ethnicity, indigenous people had a BMI 0.78 kg/m2 less than whites; Montubios and Afro-Americans had 0.37 and 0.61 kg/m2, respectively, more than whites. People residing in the urban area present 0.41 kg/m2 more than the residents in the rural area.  Conclusions: we identified groups of higher nutritional risk such as women and married people for overweight and obesity, while indigenous people and the poorest people were at risk for low weight, which indicates that in Ecuador adults have problems of both excess and deficit. It is necessary to implement policies aimed at specific population groups.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sobrepeso y obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de masa corporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Adultos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Overweight and obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Body mass index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adults]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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