<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112023000300015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.03837</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación de distintas herramientas para la evaluación de la malnutrición y la sarcopenia en pacientes con cirrosis hepática]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison of different tools for the evaluation of malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana-Ledesma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazcano-Becerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Montserrat]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar Santino]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia-Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana Karen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra-Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Téllez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velarde-Ruiz-Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde Servicio de Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jalisco]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>340</fpage>
<lpage>346</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000300015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000300015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112023000300015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: la malnutrición y la sarcopenia son frecuentes en la población con cirrosis hepática y generan un impacto negativo en el estado funcional y la esperanza de vida de estos pacientes. Existen múltiples herramientas para la valoración de la malnutrición y la sarcopenia en los pacientes con cirrosis hepática. Algunas de estas herramientas son de fácil aplicación y reproducibilidad, lo que facilita su aplicación global.  Objetivo: valorar la malnutrición y la sarcopenia en la cirrosis hepática y comparar distintas herramientas diagnósticas aplicables en esta población.  Método: se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal con muestreo a conveniencia mediante inclusión continua de pacientes con cirrosis hepática en un hospital de tercer nivel durante diciembre de 2018 a mayo de 2019. Se realizó la valoración nutricional con la antropometría del brazo, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el algoritmo del Royal Free Hospital Subjetive Global Assessment (RFH-SGA). Para la valoración de la sarcopenia se aplicó la fuerza de agarre de la mano con un dinamómetro. Los resultados se reportaron en medidas de tendencia central expresadas en frecuencia y porcentaje. Se realizó un coeficiente de correlación con Tau-b de Kendall en las variables no paramétricas, considerándose como valor estadísticamente significativo una p &lt; 0,05.  Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 103 pacientes, predominando el género masculino (79,6 %), con una edad media de 51 años. La etiología más frecuente de la cirrosis hepática fue el consumo de alcohol (68 %), predominando la clase Child-Pugh C (57,3 %) con una media de MELD de 21,9 (± 8,9). Se reportó una media de IMC con peso seco de 25,2 kg/m2 y, respecto a la clasificación de la OMS, un 7,8 % se encontraban en bajo peso y un 59,2 % en malnutrición según la RFH-SGA. Un 88,3 % presentó sarcopenia al utilizar la fuerza de agarre de la mano, cuyo valor medio fue de 18,99 kg. Se realizó una correlación con Tau b de Kendall entre IMC y RFH-SGA sin evidenciarse ninguna asociación significativa, al igual que entre los percentiles de la circunferencia muscular media de brazo (MAMC) y la fuerza de agarre de la mano.  Conclusiones: la valoración integral de la cirrosis hepática debe incluir el escrutinio de la malnutrición y la sarcopenia, existiendo herramientas de fácil acceso y aplicación segura validadas en esta población, como la valoración antropométrica, el RFH-SGA y la fuerza de agarre de la mano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: malnutrition and sarcopenia are frequent in the population with liver cirrhosis and have a negative impact on the performance status and life expectancy of these patients. There are multiple assessment tools for malnutrition and sarcopenia in cirrhosis. Some of these tools are reproducible and easy to apply, which facilitates their global application for screening malnutrition and sarcopenia.  Objective: to assess malnutrition and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis and to compare the accuracy of diagnostic tools in this population.  Method: a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with convenience sampling by using continuous inclusion of patients with liver cirrhosis in a tertiary care center during December 2018 to May 2019. The nutritional assessment was carried out with arm anthropometry, body mass index (BMI), and the algorithm of the Royal Free Hospital Subjective Global Assessment (RFH-SGA). For the evaluation of sarcopenia, the hand grip strength test with a hand dynamometer was applied. The results were reported in measures of central tendency expressed in frequency and percentage. A Kendall's Tau-b rank correlation coefficient was performed with non-parametric variables, considering a p &lt; 0.05 as a statistically significant value.  Results: a total of 103 patients were included with a predominance of the male gender (79.6 %) and a mean age of 51 years (± 10). The etiology of liver cirrhosis corresponded more frequently to alcohol consumption (68 %) and most of the patients were Child-Pugh C (57.3 %) with a mean MELD of 21.9 (± 8.9). A mean BMI with dry weight of 25.2 kg/m2 was reported, and with respect to the WHO classification by BMI, 7.8 % were underweight and 59.2 % were malnourished by RFH-SGA. Sarcopenia was present in 88.3 % using the hand grip strength test, for which a mean of 18.99 kg was found. A Kendall's Tau-b rank correlation coefficient was performed between BMI and RFH-SGA, which showed no statistically significant association, as well as between mean arm muscle circumference percentiles and hand grip strength.  Conclusions: global assessment in liver cirrhosis should include screening for malnutrition and sarcopenia, for which validated, accessible and safe application tools should be used, such as anthropometric assessment, RFH-SGA, and hand grip strength.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirrosis hepática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Disfunción muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Malnutrición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sarcopenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Liver cirrhosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Muscle dysfuntion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sarcopenia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutritional status in cirrhosis. Italian multicentre cooperative project on nutrition in liver cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>317-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huisman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siersema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Hoek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Erpecum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protein energy malnutrition predicts complications in liver cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>982-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Styskel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Natarajan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition in Alcoholic Liver Disease: An Update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Liver Dis]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-114</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plauth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasarathy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plank]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schütz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>485-521</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment and Management of Nutrition Status in the Hospitalized Patient With Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Liver Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>113-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>European Association for the Study of the Liver</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>172-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borhofen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fimmers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Görtzen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool Is an Independent Predictor of Deterioration of Liver Function and Survival in Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dig Dis Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1735-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morgan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soulsby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Derivation and validation of a new global method for assessing nutritional status in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>823-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caregaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alberino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amodio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merkel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolognesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angeli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Malnutrition in alcoholic and virus-related cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>602-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giusto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferretti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riggio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutritional status: its influence on the outcome of patients undergoing liver transplantation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Liver Int]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>208-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasarathy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consilience in sarcopenia of cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>225-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhanji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia in hiding: The risk and consequence of underestimating muscle dysfunction in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>2055-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition and Muscle in Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Exp Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>340-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giusto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giannelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pentassuglio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Gregorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Muscle depletion increases the risk of overt and minimal hepatic encephalopathy: results of a prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Metab Brain Dis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>281-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia and chronic liver diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>1229-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Jentoft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boirie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruyère]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cederholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Age Ageing]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>16-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chumlea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinbaugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Geriatr Soc]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>116-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bishop]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritchey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Norms for nutritional assessment of American adults by upper arm anthropometry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>2530-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frisancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anthropometric standards for the assessment of growth and nutritional status]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Michigan Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamarripa-Dorsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panduro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purón-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronado-Alejandro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EU]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortez-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Current trends of liver cirrhosis in Mexico:Similitudes and differences with other world regions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Clin Cases]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>922-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Styskel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Natarajan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition in Alcoholic Liver Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Liver Dis]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>99-114</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NHS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VPY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary Interventions in Liver Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>663-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boirie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassagnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamblin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coilly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abergel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of Malnutrition, Sarcopenia and Frailty in Patients with Cirrhosis: Which Tools Should We Use in Clinical Practice?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alberino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gatta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amodio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merkel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Pascoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boffo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition and survival in patients with liver cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrition]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>445-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landa-Galván]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milke-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higuera-de la Tijera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluación del estado nutricional de pacientes con cirrosis hepática alcohólica atendidos en la Clínica de Hígado del Hospital General de México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>2006-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clària]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stauber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coenraad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jalan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pavesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis: Characterization and role in acute-on-chronic liver failure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1249-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eghtesad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Post-liver transplantation sarcopenia in cirrhosis: a prospective evaluation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1250-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Jentoft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boirie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruyère]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cederholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Age Ageing]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>16-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Assantachai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auyeung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iijima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Med Dir Assoc]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>300.e2-7.e2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cawthon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Travison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes: An SDOC Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Geriatr Soc]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1429-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malmstrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simonsick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARC-F: a symptom score to predict persons with sarcopenia at risk for poor functional outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>28-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiraoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiraki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taniki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiramatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utility of the SARC-F Questionnaire for Sarcopenia Screening in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Japan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiraoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagamatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoshino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsuruta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARC-F combined with a simple tool for assessment of muscle abnormalities in outpatients with chronic liver disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatol Res]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>502-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tandon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasarathy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Malnutrition, Frailty, and Sarcopenia in Patients With Cirrhosis: 2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1611-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
