<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112024000500021</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.03743</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evidence on the benefits of probiotics for preterm infants]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evidencia sobre los beneficios del uso de probióticos en niños prematuros]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen Elisabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cubero-Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uberos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio Department of Pediatrics Neonatal Unit]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Granada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Granada School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Granada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>889</fpage>
<lpage>896</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112024000500021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112024000500021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112024000500021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article reviews the evidence for the use of different strains of probiotics in the prevention of prevalent pathologies in premature neonates. A systematic review was conducted of the use of probiotics in neonates with less than 37 weeks of gestational age, based on a search for systematic reviews and observational and experimental studies performed during the period from January 2014 to February 2021. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were consulted. The aim of this article was to review the existing data on the relationship between the administration of probiotics (with different strains and doses) and the risk of necrotising enterocolitis, mortality, late sepsis and other disease parameters in premature infants. The literature search obtained 240 articles, of which we selected 16, representing a total sample of over 200,000 premature infants. Analysis of the data obtained reveals statistical evidence that the combined administration of probiotics (especially of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) reduces the incidence of grade II or higher necrotising enterocolitis, all-cause mortality, late sepsis, length of hospital stay and time until complete enteral nutrition is achieved. However, no benefits were apparent with respect to alleviating bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity or intraventricular haemorrhage. Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate strains, doses and treatment duration for preterm infants to achieve the health benefits identified.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En este artículo se revisa la evidencia del uso de las diferentes cepas de probióticos en la prevención de diversas patologías prevalentes en recién nacidos prematuros. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática sobre el uso de probióticos en recién nacidos de menos de 37 semanas de edad gestacional, realizando una búsqueda de revisiones sistemáticas, estudios observacionales y experimentales desde enero de 2014 hasta febrero de 2021. Para ello se han utlizado motores de búsqueda como PubMed, MEDLINE y la biblioteca Cochrane. El objetivo de este artículo fue revisar los datos existentes sobre la relación entre la administración de probióticos (con diferentes cepas y dosis) y el riesgo de enterocolitis necrotizante, mortalidad, sepsis tardía, y otros parámetros de enfermedad en prematuros. En la búsqueda se obtuvieron 240 artículos, de los que seleccionamos 16, obteniendo más de 200.000 recién nacidos prematuros como muestra. En esta revisión se muestra con evidencia estadística, que la administración combinada de probióticos (espcialmente cepas de Lactobacillus y Bifidobacterium) reducen la incidencia de NEC en grado II o mayor, mortalidad por todas las causas, sepsis tardía, días de estancia hospitalaria y tiempo en lograr nutrición enteral completa. No se han podido evidenciar beneficios en cuanto a la displasia broncopulmonar, retinopatía de la prematuridad y hemorragia intraventricular. Se precisan nuevos estudios para conocer las cepas, dosis y tiempo de tratamiento más adecuados en neonatos prematuros para lograr beneficios en salud.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Probiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Premature infants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Low birth weight infants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Morbidity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Necrotising enterocolitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Probióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prematuros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neonatos muy bajo peso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Morbilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enterocolitis necrotizante]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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