<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112025000200011</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.05585</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluating sarcopenia and nutritional status in outpatients with liver cirrhosis: concordance of diagnostic methods]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la sarcopenia y del estado nutricional en pacientes ambulatorios con cirrosis hepática: concordancia de métodos diagnósticos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gischewski¹]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marina Demas Rezende]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo²]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernanda Lívia Cavalcante]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aryana Isabelle de Almeida Neves]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallraf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alina Joana da Silva]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JoãoAraújo Barros]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bueno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nassib Bezerra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juliana Célia de Farias]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabiana Andréa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,PPGCM/UFAL  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ AL]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Faculdade de Nutrição (FANUT)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ AL]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maceió AL]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>302</fpage>
<lpage>310</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction and objectives: malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent in individuals with cirrhosis, but their diagnosis remains challenging due to limited access to suitable methods across different levels of healthcare. This study aimed to identify the most effective method for diagnosing sarcopenia in outpatients with liver cirrhosis and to evaluate the concordance between subjective and objective diagnostic methods.  Patients and methods: patients aged &#8805; 18 years with a diagnosis of cirrhosis (regardless of etiology) under outpatient care were included. Exclusion criteria were: a) neoplasia, b) acute liver failure, c) pregnancy/lactation, d) HIV infection, e) special situations requiring liver transplantation, and f) history of organ failure. Nutritional and sarcopenia assessments used subjective methods, including the Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT), SARC-F, SARC-Calf, and RFH-Global Assessment (RFH-GA); and objective methods, including anthropometry, handgrip strength (HGS), the sit-and-stand test (15s), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Concordance between ASMI and traditional methods was analyzed. Significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.  Results: a total of 45 patients were analyzed, with alcoholic liver disease being the most frequent etiology (44.4 %). The sit-and-stand test (15s) combined with muscle depletion by DXA diagnosed the most cases of sarcopenia (42.2 %). Moderate agreement was found between muscle depletion and isolated calf circumference (CC) (&#954; = 0.581; p &lt; 0.001).  Conclusions: our study suggests excluding SARC-F and SARC-CalF from sarcopenia screening in outpatients with cirrhosis. While ASMI remains the most reliable diagnostic method, CC may serve as a feasible alternative when DXA is unavailable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción y objetivos: la desnutrición y la sarcopenia son prevalentes en individuos con cirrosis, pero su diagnóstico sigue siendo un desafío debido al acceso limitado a métodos adecuados en los diferentes niveles de atención en salud. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el método más efectivo para diagnosticar sarcopenia en pacientes ambulatorios con cirrosis hepática y evaluar la concordancia entre los métodos de diagnóstico subjetivos y objetivos.  Pacientes y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes de &#8805; 18 años con diagnóstico de cirrosis (independientemente de la etiología) en atención ambulatoria. Los criterios de exclusión fueron: a) neoplasia, b) insuficiencia hepática aguda, c) embarazo/lactancia, d) infección por VIH, e) situaciones especiales que requirieran trasplante hepático y f) antecedentes de insuficiencia orgánica. Las evaluaciones de desnutrición y sarcopenia utilizaron métodos subjetivos, como el Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT), SARC-F, SARC-Calf y RFH-Global Assessment (RFH-GA); y métodos objetivos como antropometría, fuerza de agarre manual (HGS), prueba de sentarse y levantarse (15s) e índice de masa muscular esquelética apendicular (ASMI) por absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA). Se analizó la concordancia entre ASMI y los métodos tradicionales. Se estableció significancia en p &lt; 0.05.  Resultados: se analizaron un total de 45 pacientes, siendo la enfermedad hepática alcohólica la etiología más frecuente (44.4 %). La prueba de sentarse y levantarse (15s) combinada con la depleción muscular medida por DXA diagnosticó la mayor cantidad de casos de sarcopenia (42.2 %). Se observó una concordancia moderada entre la depleción muscular y la circunferencia de la pantorrilla aislada (CC) (&#954; = 0.581; p &lt; 0.001).  Conclusiones: nuestros hallazgos sugieren excluir SARC-F y SARC-CalF del cribado de sarcopenia en pacientes ambulatorios con cirrosis. Aunque ASMI sigue siendo el método diagnóstico más confiable, la CC puede servir como alternativa viable cuando DXA no esté disponible.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional status]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Liver disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Muscular atrophy and liver transplant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estado nutricional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad hepática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desnutrición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Atrofia muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trasplante hepático]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonio da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Vasconcelos Generoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toulson Davisson Correia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Combined nutritional assessment methods to predict clinical outcomes in patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrition]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>21-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tantai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Praktiknjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mauro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamaguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of sarcopenia on survival in patients with cirrhosis:A meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>588-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Jentoft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boirie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruyere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cederholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia:revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Age Ageing]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bielemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menezes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling elderly of a medium-sized South American city:results of the COMO VAI?study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>136-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition in cirrhosis:Dos and Don'ts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1563-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lohman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martorell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Kinetics Books]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frisancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anthropometric Standards for the Assessment of Growth and Nutritional Status]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[University of Michigan Press]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tandon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mourtzakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A practical approach to nutritional screening and assessment in cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1044-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutritional support in alcoholic liver disease:a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>315-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chumlea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinbaugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Geriatr Soc]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>116-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physical status:the use and interpretation of anthropometry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organization technical report series]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>854</volume>
<page-range>1-452</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipschitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Screening for nutritional status in the elderly]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Prim Care]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glasenapp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuchinali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (Rfh-Npt)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arq Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>84-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morgan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soulsby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Derivation and validation of a new global method for assessing nutritional status in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>823-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biometrics]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>159-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tandon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasarathy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Malnutrition, Frailty, and Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis:2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1611-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nishikawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiraki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiramatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moriya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nishiguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Japan Society of Hepatology guidelines for sarcopenia in liver disease (1st edition):Recommendation from the working group for creation of sarcopenia assessment criteria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology research:the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>951-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Traub]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horvath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stadlbauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of Malnutrition Screening Tools in Liver Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortes-Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malih]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fresneda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yanez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bennasar-Veny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validity of nutrition screening tools for risk of malnutrition among hospitalized adult patients:A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1094-116</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wells]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nwulu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Currow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skipworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validated screening tools for the assessment of cachexia, sarcopenia, and malnutrition:a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1196-208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devarbhavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asrani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nartey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global burden of liver disease:2023 update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>516-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prakash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Compensated liver cirrhosis:Natural course and disease-modifying strategies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Methodol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>179-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casas-Deza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal-Monterde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domper-Arnal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Mateo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation and Management of Nutritional Consequences of Chronic Liver Diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inavolu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macherla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARC-F Score:A Quick Bedside Tool to Screen Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Exp Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>101318</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voelker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michalopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reijnierse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the SARC-F and Its Modified Versions:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Medical Directors Association]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1864-76e16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Won]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of Sarcopenia in Primary Care Settings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Korean J Fam Med]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>71-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibrahim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Houseni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) for cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection assessed by ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris and anterior tibialis muscles thickness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Randomized clinical trial. Saudi J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>116-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunchorntavakul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia and Frailty in Cirrhosis:Assessment and Management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Medical clinics of North America]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>107</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>589-604</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez-Bautista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Souto Barreto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas-Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manrique-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rolland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinically meaningful change for the chair stand test:monitoring mobility in integrated care for older people]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2331-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawakami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miyachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Midorikawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanisawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cut-offs for calf circumference as a screening tool for low muscle mass:WASEDA'S Health Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geriatr Gerontol Int]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>943-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cawthon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila-Funes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barazzoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhasin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Conceptual Definition of Sarcopenia:Delphi Consensus from the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Age Ageing]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
