<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-1611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nutrición Hospitalaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nutr. Hosp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-1611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Arán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-16112025000200018</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20960/nh.05521</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Intermittent fasting for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ayuno intermitente para el control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes de tipo 2: un metaanálisis de ensayos controlados y aleatorizados]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Xiaoyi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guihao]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guiju]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guandong ]]></addr-line>
<country>People's Republic of China</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Department of Oncology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guandong ]]></addr-line>
<country>People's Republic of China</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,School of Medicine Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guandong ]]></addr-line>
<country>People's Republic of China</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>356</fpage>
<lpage>365</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-16112025000200018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Intermittent Fasting (IF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).  Method: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of IF intervention in T2DM were systematically searched from PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE and CNKI, and retrieval time was set from database onset to September 2024. A meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3 software.  Results: sixteen articles were included, with a total of 5369 patients. The meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, IF could improve patients' glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, low density lipoprotein, and cholesterol levels (p &lt; 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in improving the levels of postprandial plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels compared to the control group (p &gt; 0.05).  Conclusion: IF may help people with T2DM manage their blood sugar levels effectively. In addition, IF can reduce body weight, reduce waist circumference, maintain stable blood pressure, and reduce low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and is considered safe and feasible to implement. However, more high-quality studies are needed to provide further evidence on the benefits of IF in improving other lipid levels.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: evaluar sistemáticamente la eficacia y seguridad del ayuno intermitente (IF) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 (T2DM).  Métodos: se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de ensayos controlados y aleatorizados (ECA) en PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE y CNKI sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones de IF en la T2DM, desde la construcción de la base de datos hasta septiembre de 2024. Se realizó un metanálisis con el software RevMan 5.3.  Resultados: se incluyeron 16 ensayos con un total de 5369 pacientes. El metaanálisis mostró que el IF mejoró la hemoglobina glicada, la glucosa en ayunas, el peso corporal, el IMC, el perímetro de la cintura, la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, el LDL y el colesterol en los pacientes, comparados con los controles (p &lt; 0,05). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p &gt; 0,05) en la mejora de los niveles postprandiales de glucosa, HDL y triglicéridos en comparación con los controles.  Conclusión: el IF puede ayudar a los pacientes con T2DM a controlar los niveles de glucosa de manera efectiva. Además, el IF puede reducir el peso, reducir la cintura, mantener la presión arterial estable y reducir los niveles de LDL y colesterol total. Se considera seguro y viable. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios de alta calidad para demostrar más los beneficios del IF en la mejora de los niveles de otros lípidos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intermittent fasting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Blood glucose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Meta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ayuno intermitente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes tipo 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Glucosa en sangre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Meta]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olive]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[THT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[George]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors around Dietary Fats among People with Type 2 Diabetes:A Systematic Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsokani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seitidis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christogiannis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kontouli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikolakopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zevgiti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploring the Effectiveness of Self-Management Interventions in Type 2 Diabetes:A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Healthcare (Basel)]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lv]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innate immune remodeling by short-term intensive fasting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aging Cell]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiß]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haupt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of Different Types of Intermittent Fasting Interventions on Metabolic Health in Healthy Individuals (EDIF):A Randomised Trial with a Controlled-Run in Phase]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A 5:2 Intermittent Fasting Meal Replacement Diet and Glycemic Control for Adults with Diabetes:The EARLY Randomized Clinical Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubio-Blancas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho-Zamora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salcedo-Grajales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ayuno intermitente:efectos en diversos escenarios clínicos [Intermittent fasting:effects in diverse clinical settings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>230-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patikorn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roubal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veettil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intermittent Fasting and Obesity-Related Health Outcomes:An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ketogenic diet combined with intermittent fasting:an option for type 2 diabetes remission?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Rev]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>464-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stacey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Légaré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bennett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mullen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of short periods of caloric restriction on weight loss and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Care]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Profile of major congenital anomalies in the Dhahira region, Oman]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Saudi Med]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>106-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdul Shakoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Othman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluating the Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Muslim Patients with Diabetes in relation to Use of Medication and Lifestyle Patterns:A Prospective Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2014</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yousafzai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Ramadan fasting on diabetes mellitus:a population-based study in Qatar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Egypt Public Health Assoc]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>47-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clifton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keogh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of intermittent compared to continuous energy restriction on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes;a pragmatic pilot trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Res Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<page-range>106-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sadraie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steckhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kessler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stange]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeitler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of A One-week Fasting Therapy in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome - A Randomized Controlled Explorative Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>618-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassanein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echtay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassoun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alarouj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poladian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tolerability of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan:Results of the Canagliflozin in Ramadan Tolerance Observational Study (CRATOS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalifa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdelgadir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al Saeed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al Qaysi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MBA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2-I) During the Month of Ramadan in Muslim Patients with Type 2 Diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oman Med J]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>104-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clifton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keogh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Intermittent Compared with Continuous Energy Restricted Diet on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes:A Randomized Noninferiority Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundfør]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Svendsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of intermittent versus continuous energy restriction on weight loss, maintenance and cardiometabolic risk:A randomized 1-year trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>698-706</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassanein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al Awadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Hadidy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KES]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echtay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Djaballah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The characteristics and pattern of care for the type 2 diabetes mellitus population in the MENA region during Ramadan:An international prospective study (DAR-MENA T2DM)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Res Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>151</volume>
<page-range>275-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xiaohua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Li]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Light is broken feed to improve overweight nutritional sugar lipid abnormalities in type 2 diabetes clinical observation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Changchun university of Chinese medicine]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aamir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmedani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the effectiveness and tolerability of gliclazide modified release 60 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes observing fasting during Ramadan in Pakistan:An analysis from the global DIA-RAMADAN study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Res Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>181</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassanein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdelgadir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obaid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alsharhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thabit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biometric and metabolic changes in patients with diabetes prior, during and after the holy month of Ramadan (ABCD Study)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Res Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>173</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kramer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zinman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Retnakaran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of time-restricted eating on beta-cell function in adults with type 2 diabetes:a randomized cross-over trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deshmane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quality of Life and Its Association with Time in Range Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Following Different Dietary Interventions:A Crossover Clinical Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cureus]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[An]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The optimal time restricted eating interventions for blood pressure, weight, fat mass, glucose, and lipids:A meta-analysis and systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends Cardiovasc Med]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>389-401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obermayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tripolt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pferschy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kojzar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[INTERmittent FASTing in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus - the INTERFAST-2 study protocol]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabet Med]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Msane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khathi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosibo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic Potential of Various Intermittent Fasting Regimens in Alleviating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes:A Narrative Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mudgal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thakur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Glycaemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[touchREV Endocrinol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>25-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mittertreiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couturier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Small]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Courtney-Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moisey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Overcoming barriers in eating disorder care:advances, gaps, and recommendations for equitable assessment and treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Physiol Nutr Metab]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1419-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iftikhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdalrubb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Marri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NDR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdelrahim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fayed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical Assessment of Intermittent Fasting with Ketogenic Diet in Glycemic Control and Weight Reduction in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cureus]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intermittent hypoxia is involved in gut microbial dysbiosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>2320-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baraquet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivarola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dairy product consumption and type 2 diabetes in an Argentinian population:is there an association?Nutr Hosp]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>186-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intermittent fasting versus continuous energy-restricted diet for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome for glycemic control:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Res Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>179</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
