<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-9728</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anal. Psicol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-9728</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Murcia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-97282019000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6018/analesps.35.2.356791</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Development and validation of the WhatsApp Negative Impact scale (WANIS)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo y validación de la escala de impacto negativo de WhatsApp]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosa-Alcazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Calatayud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Murcia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Catholic University of Murcia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>242</fpage>
<lpage>250</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The use of instant messaging affects different areas of users&#8217; daily lives (personal, social, family, work). The aim of this research was to develop and validate a scale that measures the negative impact of WhatsApp's use in several areas (WANIS). Two studies were conducted. The first one was a pilot study in which the scale was built. The sample consisted of 95 university students aged between 17 and 27. (M = 21.34; SD = 2.11). In the second study, the factor structure was examined and the validity of the scale was analysed from a sample of 630 university students aged between 18 and 62 (M = 21.23; DT = 4.32). The scale was composed of 37 Likert-type format items with values ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 3 (strongly agree). The exploratory factor analysis revealed that the three-factor solution was most appropriate for interpreting the scale. The instrument had high reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicated that sex, marital status and employment status affected the negative impact experienced by WhatsApp users. This scale has proven to be a valid tool for assessing the impact that this instant messaging application has on controlling intimate relationships, the negative consequences of its use and the problematic use by users.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El uso de mensajería instantánea está influyendo en nuestra vida cotidiana en diferentes ámbitos (personal, social, familiar, laboral). El objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar y validar una escala que midiera el impacto negativo del WhatsApp en diversas áreas (EINEW). Se llevaron a cabo dos estudios. El primero fue un estudio piloto en el que se construyó la escala. La muestra estuvo formada por 95 estudiantes universitarios con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 27 años (M = 21.34; DT = 2.11). En el segundo estudio se examinó la estructura factorial y se analizó la validez de la escala a partir de una muestra de 630 universitarios con edades de entre 18 y 62 años (M = 21.23; DT = 4.32). La escala estuvo compuesta por 37 ítems tipo Likert con valores que varían de 0 (Totalmente desacuerdo) hasta 3 (Totalmente de acuerdo). El análisis factorial exploratorio reveló que la solución de tres factores era la más apropiada. El instrumento presentó alta fiabilidad y buena validez convergente y discriminante. Los resultados indicaron que el sexo, el estado civil y la situación laboral afectaron al impacto negativo experimentado por los usuarios de WhatsApp. Esta escala ha resultado ser una herramienta válida para evaluar la repercusión de WhatsApp en el control de las relaciones íntimas, las consecuencias negativas de su uso y el uso problemático por parte de los usuarios.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Problematic Internet use]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[WhatsApp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Problematic use of WhatsApp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Instant messaging]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Undergraduate students]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uso problemático de Internet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[WhatsApp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uso problemático de WhatsApp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mensajería instantánea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Universitarios]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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