<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-9728</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anal. Psicol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-9728</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Murcia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-97282019000200020</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6018/analesps.35.2.345291</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A meta-analytical answer to the crisis of confidence of psychology]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una respuesta meta-analítica a la crisis de confianza de la psicología]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Universitario Cardenal Cisneros  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>350</fpage>
<lpage>356</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-97282019000200020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Meta-analysis is a firmly established methodology and an integral part of the process of generating knowledge across the empirical sciences. Meta-analysis has also focused on methodology and has become a dominant critic of methodological shortcomings. We highlight several problematic issues on how we research in psychology: excess of heterogeneity in the results and difficulties for replication, publication bias, suboptimal methodological quality, and questionable practices of the researchers. These and other problems led to a &#8220;crisis of confidence&#8221; in psychology. We discuss how the meta-analytical perspective and its procedures can help to overcome the crisis. A more cooperative perspective, instead of a competitive one, can shift to consider replication as a more valuable contribution. Knowledge cannot be based in isolated studies. Given the nature of the object of study of psychology, the natural unit to generate knowledge must be the estimated distribution of the effect sizes, not the dichotomous decision on statistical significance in specific studies. We make some suggestions on how to redirect the research and the researchers' practices, so that their personal interests and those of science as such are better aligned.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El meta-análisis es una metodología firmemente establecida y una parte integral del proceso de generación de conocimiento en las ciencias empíricas. El meta-análisis también se ha centrado en la metodología y se ha convertido en uno de los principales críticos de las deficiencias metodológicas. Destacamos varios puntos problemáticos sobre cómo investigamos en psicología: exceso de heterogeneidad en los resultados y dificultades para la replicación, sesgo de publicación, calidad metodológica sub-óptima y prácticas cuestionables de los investigadores. Estos y otros problemas condujeron a una "crisis de confianza" en psicología. Discutimos cómo la perspectiva meta-analítica y sus procedimientos pueden ayudar a afrontar la crisis. Una perspectiva más cooperativa, en lugar de competitiva, puede ayudar a cambiar para que consideremos la replicación como una contribución más valiosa. El conocimiento no puede basarse en estudios aislados. Dada la naturaleza del objeto de estudio de la psicología la unidad natural para generar conocimiento debe ser la distribución estimada del tamaño del efecto, no la decisión dicotómica sobre la significación estadística en estudios específicos. Se ofrecen algunas sugerencias sobre cómo redirigir la investigación y las prácticas de los investigadores, de modo que sus intereses personales y los de la ciencia en sí estén más alineados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Meta-analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Crisis of confidence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Effect size]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Questionable practices]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Meta-análisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Crisis de confianza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tamaño del efecto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prácticas cuestionables]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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