<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0212-9728</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anal. Psicol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0212-9728</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Murcia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0212-97282025000200221</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6018/analesps.615751</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spanish Adaptation of the Homework Approach Scale (HAS)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Adaptación al español de la escala de aproximación de las tareas (HAS)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jianzhong]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fuyi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Xela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Oviedo Faculty of Psychology Department of Psychology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Mississippi State University Department of Counseling Higher Education Leadership, Educational Psychology, and Foundations]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,East China Normal University Faculty of Education ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Shanghai ]]></addr-line>
<country>China</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>221</fpage>
<lpage>232</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0212-97282025000200221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0212-97282025000200221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0212-97282025000200221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The way a student approaches his or her schoolwork has important consequences for learning and academic performance. The objective of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Homework Approach Scale (HAS) in Spanish students in the last cycle of primary education (5th and 6th grade) and the two cycles of compulsory secondary education (7th to 10thgrade). The interest of this study lies in the fact that the HAS scale was designed with students from China, but has not been validated in other contexts that may differ culturally, such as Spain. From various schools in northern Spain (Principality of Asturias), 1,024 students participated in the study. The results indicated that the HAS scale for a western population also comprises two factors, a deep approach and a surface approach (to doing homework). The relationship between the two approaches was significant and negative. The HAS structure was invariant for gender and grade. The results confirm the relationships between motivational orientation, study approach, and academic performance, but only partially when we look at the relationship between motivational orientation and study approach. We found that a deep approach, although mainly linked to a motivational orientation towards learning, was also linked to a performance orientation. However, preferential use of a surface approach was only promoted by a performance goal orientation. In conclusion, it seems that being motivated preferentially towards learning is a protective factor against the use of a surface approach when working on homework and a promoter of a deep approach.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El modo en que los estudiantes abordan sus tareas escolares tiene importantes consecuencias para el aprendizaje y rendimiento académico. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la validez y fiabilidad de la Homework Approach Scale (HAS) en estudiantes españoles del último ciclo de Educación Primaria (5º y 6º EP) y de los dos ciclos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria -ESO- (1º a 4º ESO). El interés de este estudio radica en que la escala HAS fue diseñada con estudiantes de China, pero no ha sido validada en otros contextos que pueden diferir culturalmente, como España. En el estudio participaron 1.024 alumnos del norte de España (Principado de Asturias). Los resultados indicaron que para una población occidental HAS también identifica dos factores: un enfoque profundo y un enfoque superficial (a la hora de trabajar sobre los deberes). La relación entre ambos enfoques fue significativa y negativa. La estructura HAS fue invariante para género y curso. Los resultados confirman las relaciones entre la orientación motivacional, el enfoque de estudio y el rendimiento académico (aunque sólo parcialmente si observamos la relación entre la orientación motivacional y el enfoque de studio). Encontramos que un enfoque profundo, aunque principalmente vinculado a una orientación motivacional hacia el aprendizaje, también estaba vinculado a una orientación al desempeño. Sin embargo, el uso preferencial de un enfoque superficial sólo fue promovido por una orientación hacia objetivos de desempeño. En conclusión, parece que estar motivado preferentemente hacia el aprendizaje es un factor protector frente al uso de un enfoque superficial a la hora de trabajar en los deberes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Learning approaches. Homework. Motivational orientation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mathematical performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfoques de aprendizaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Deberes escolares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Orientación motivacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rendimiento matemático]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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