<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0213-9111</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta Sanitaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac Sanit]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0213-9111</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0213-91112021000400006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.02.008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efectividad de la vacuna de la gripe para prevenir casos graves. Temporada 2018/2019]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effectiveness of flu vaccine in the prevention of severe cases. Season 2018-2019]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gras-Valentí]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chico-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Algado-Sellés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natividad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gimeno-Gascón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Adelina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Muriel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Payá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Servicio de Medicina Preventiva Unidad de Epidemiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Servicio de Microbiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Alicante ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>339</fpage>
<lpage>344</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000400006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo  Conocer la efectividad de la vacuna de la gripe de la temporada 2018/2019 para la prevención de casos graves de gripe en un hospital terciario.  Método  Estudio de casos y controles. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes hospitalizados con gripe confirmada por laboratorio durante la temporada 2018/2019. Los que cumplieron criterios de caso grave de gripe (neumonía, fallo multiorgánico, shock séptico, ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos o muerte) se consideraron caso. Los que no cumplían criterios de gravedad se consideraron controles. Se calculó la efectividad de la vacuna (EV) cruda y ajustada (para prevenir casos graves de gripe), así como su intervalo de confianza del 95%, mediante la fórmula EV = (1 &#8722; odds ratio) × 100.  Resultados  La efectividad ajustada por grupo de edad y comorbilidad fue del 60,7% (20,5-80,5). En el análisis ajustado y restringido a cada sexo, grupo de edad y presencia de comorbilidad, la vacuna de la gripe tuvo un efecto positivo en todos los grupos y categorías, siendo la efectividad del 55,0% (2,6-79,2) en el grupo de edad de 65 años o más.  Conclusiones  La vacunación antigripal redujo la gravedad de la gripe en los pacientes hospitalizados. Estos hallazgos deberían tenerse en cuenta para mejorar las estrategias de vacunación y alcanzar mejores coberturas vacunales en la población de riesgo, con la finalidad no solo de disminuir los casos de gripe, sino también su gravedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective  To know the effectiveness of the 2018/2019 flu vaccine for the prevention of severe cases of flu in a tertiary hospital.  Method  Case-control study. We included all patients hospitalized with influenza confirmed by laboratory during 2018/2019 season. Those who met the criteria of severe case of influenza (pneumonia, multiorgan failure, septic shock, ICU admission or death) were considered as cases. Non severe cases of influenza were included in the control group. We calculated the effectiveness of the raw and adjusted vaccine (to prevent severe cases of influenza) and its 95% confidence interval using formula VE = (1 &#8722; odds ratio) × 100.  Results  Effectiveness of flu vaccine adjusted by age group and comorbidities was 60.7% (20.5-80.5). In the analysis adjusted and restricted to each sex, age group and presence of comorbidities, the influenza vaccine had a positive effect in all groups and categories, with effectiveness in the age group 65 years or more being 55.0% (2.6-79.2).  Conclusions  Flu vaccination reduced the severity of influenza in hospitalized patients. These findings should be taken into account to improve vaccination strategies and achieve better vaccination coverage in the high-risk population in order not only to decrease flu cases, but also their severity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Virus de la gripe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vacunas frente a la gripe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Efectividad vacunal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Complicaciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hospitalización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Influenza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Influenza vaccines]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vaccine effectiveness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Disease severity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hospitalization]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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