<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0213-9111</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta Sanitaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac Sanit]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0213-9111</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0213-91112021000500480</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.04.020</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Exposición a plaguicidas en Chile y salud poblacional: urgencia para la toma de decisiones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pesticide exposure in Chile and population health: urgency for decision making]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga-Venegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saracini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Chiara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pancetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Floria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Boris]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foerster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica del Maule Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Talca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica del Maule Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Centro de Investigaciones en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI-Neurocog)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Talca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica del Norte Facultad de Medicina Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología Ambiental]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coquimbo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de O'Higgins Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Fernando ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Escuela de Medicina Departamento de Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>480</fpage>
<lpage>487</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000500480&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000500480&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0213-91112021000500480&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En los últimos 25 años, Chile se ha consolidado como país agroexportador en la economía mundial. Posee una eficiente tasa de productividad basada en el desarrollo tecnológico de la agricultura, con vastas extensiones de monocultivos cuya productividad depende de la aplicación intensiva de plaguicidas, la cual se realiza con escasas regulaciones y fiscalizaciones, y se desconoce la magnitud del riesgo de exposición en la población y sus efectos en la salud a corto o largo plazo. Esta revisión sistemática recopila evidencia epidemiológica de varias regiones de Chile respecto a la exposición a plaguicidas y sus efectos en la salud poblacional. Del total de las publicaciones, el 50% se refieren a trabajadores agrícolas, el 25% a niños/as y el 25% a mujeres en edad fértil, y los efectos más observados son neurotóxicos (54%), genotóxicos (31%) y reproductivos (15%). La evidencia muestra que, en Chile, los niveles de exposición en población general y ocupacional son superiores a los encontrados en estudios internacionales. Es urgente proteger la salud tanto de la población ocupacional como de la general, en especial de los/las niños/as, a través de un mayor control en la venta y el uso de plaguicidas, con sistemas integrales de vigilancia en salud ambiental y acciones educativas en el contexto social y cultural de las comunidades rurales. Resulta prioritario potenciar la investigación sobre daños en salud y restringir legalmente de manera estricta el uso de plaguicidas peligrosos ya prohibidos en países desarrollados por su alto riesgo para la salud de las personas y el medio ambiente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In the last 25 years, Chile has had an expanding role as an agro-export country in the global economy, with efficient rates of productivity in the region, based on the technological development of agriculture, with of large monocultures whose productivity depends on the intensive application of agrochemicals. This form of agriculture has also lacked efficient regulations and surveillance, so it is difficult to estimate the real magnitude of the exposed population and its effects on health in the short or long term. This systematic review compiles the epidemiological evidence generated from studies conducted in several regions of Chile regarding pesticide exposure and health effects. Of the total number of articles, 50% included agricultural workers, 25% children, and 25% women of childbearing age, with the greatest effects being the neurotoxic (54%), genotoxic (31%) and reproductive (15%). The evidence collected shows that in Chile the levels of exposure to pesticides in the general and occupational population are higher than international studies levels. It is urgent to protect the health of both the occupational and general population and especially children through a stricter control of the sale and use of pesticides, with comprehensive surveillance systems in environmental health and educational actions in the social and cultural context of rural communities. It is a priority to strengthen research with national relevance on health effects, and strictly restrict the use of pesticides already prohibited in developed countries due to their high level of risk to human and environmental health.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Plaguicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trabajadores agrícolas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mujeres]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pesticides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Agricultural workers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Women]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ODEPA. Oficina de Estudios y Políticas Agrarias</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Agricultura chilena. Reflexiones y desafíos al 2030]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>FEDEFRUTA. Federación de Productores de Frutas de Chile</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Chile se presenta con éxito en nueva versión de "Fruit Logística"]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Banco Mundial</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Banco de datos. Indicadores de desarrollo mundial]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>COCHILCO. Comisión Chilena del Cobre</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Producto interno bruto por clase de actividad económica, a precios corrientes]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Minería. Gobierno de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>SAG. Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe de venta de plaguicidas de uso agrícola en Chile]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[División Protección Agrícola y Forestal. Sección Inocuidad. Ministerio de Agricultura. Gobierno de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lionetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caricato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker in environmental and occupational medicine: new insights and future perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomed Res Int]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>2013</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saillenfait]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ndiaye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sabaté]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pyrethroids: exposure and health effects - an update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Hyg Environ Health]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<page-range>281-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>UTZ</collab>
<source><![CDATA[List of banned pesticides and pesticides watchlist]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Holanda ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vizcay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Glifosato: 17 países han prohibido o restringido el uso de este herbicida carcinógeno]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ALAI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Agence France-Presse</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Germany to ban use of glyphosate weedkiller by end of 2023. Chemical is blamed for death of insects and suspected to cause cancer in humans]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Guardian]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>IARC. International Agency for Research on Cancer</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Some organophosphate insecticides and herbicides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<page-range>464</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loomis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guyton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grosse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group IARC, Lyon, France. Carcinogenicity of lindane DDT, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Oncol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>891-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mostafalou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdollahi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol Appl Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>268</volume>
<page-range>157-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mostafalou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdollahi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Toxicol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<page-range>549-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>MINSAL. Ministerio de Salud</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reglamento sobre condiciones sanitarias y ambientales básicas en los lugares de trabajo. Decreto Supremo número 594]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Salud de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pancetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiological studies of anticholinesterase pesticides poisoning in Chile]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anticholinesterase Pesticides: Metabolism, Neurotoxicity, and Epidemiology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>357-63</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hoboken, NJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>MINSAL. Ministerio de Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Normas sanitarias para el uso de plaguicidas y vigilancia de trabajadores expuestos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brühl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biodiversity decline as a consequence of an inappropriate environmental risk assessment of pesticides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Environ Sci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>177</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srivastava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kesavachandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Health effects of pesticides]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>182</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CRC Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamseer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clarke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urrútia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonfill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The PRISMA statement: a step in the improvement of the publications of the Revista Española de Salud Pública]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Esp Salud Publica]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<page-range>99-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chronic exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and neuropsychological functioning in farmworkers: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Occup Environ Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>68-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acuña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of neurotoxic effects of methyl bromide in exposed workers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Med Chil]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<page-range>36-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>MINAGRI. Ministerio de Agricultura</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cancela, prohíbe y restringe la fabricación, importación, exportación, distribución, venta, tenencia y aplicación de plaguicidas a base de bromuro de metilo con contenido inferior al 100% p/p. Resolución 6129]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura, Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero. Gobierno de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organophosphate pesticides and neuropsychological and motor effects in the Maule Region, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Sanit]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>227-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and health conditions in agricultural and non-agricultural workers from Maule Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Environ Health Res]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>82-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grillo Pizarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Achú Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exposure to organophosphate pesticides and peripheral polyneuropathy in workers from Maule Region, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Esp Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>92</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Angel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cognitive impairment in agricultural workers and nearby residents exposed to pesticides in the Coquimbo Region of Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurotoxicol Teratol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<page-range>13-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uso de plaguicidas y discapacidad intelectual en estudiantes de escuelas municipales, Provincia de Talca, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>29-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exposición a organofosforados y desempeño cognitivo en escolares rurales chilenos un estudio exploratorio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>256-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carbonell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Micronuclei analysis in lymphocytes of pesticide sprayers from Concepción, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Teratog Carcinog Mutagen]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>123-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poblete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cytogenetic damage in female Chilean agricultural workers exposed to mixtures of pesticides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Mol Mutagen]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Màrquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudio citogenético y reproductivo en mujeres temporeras expuestas a pesticidas de la VIII Región de Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Theoria]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>77-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela-Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relation of breast cancer and malathion aerial spraying in Arica, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Morphol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>640-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barraza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Congenital malformations and pesticide exposure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Med Chil]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>399-404</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras-Levicoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Astorga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abortos espontáneos en Hospital de Llay-Llay y su relación con labores agrícolas de la madre]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>7-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farías-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga-Venegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biomonitoring of blood cholinesterases and acylpeptide hydrolase activities in rural inhabitants exposed to pesticides in the Coquimbo Region of Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>13</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furlong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human PON1, a biomarker of risk of disease and exposure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemico-Biological Interactions]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>187</volume>
<page-range>355-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jarvik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furlong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Paraoxonase 1 status as a risk factor for disease or exposure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Exp Med Biol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>660</volume>
<page-range>29-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga-Venegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aquea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taborda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determination of the genotype and phenotype of serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) status in a group of agricultural and nonagricultural workers in the Coquimbo Region Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Toxicol Environ Health A]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>357-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictors of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in schoolchildren in the Province of Talca, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Int]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>28-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exposure pathways to pesticides in schoolchildren in the Province of Talca, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac Sanit]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>190-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability and factorial validity of a questionnaire to assess organophosphate pesticide exposure to agricultural workers in Maule, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Environ Health Res]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>45-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An educational intervention on the risk perception of pesticides exposure and organophosphate metabolites urinary concentrations in rural school children in Maule Region, Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Res]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>176</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder and urinary metabolites of organophosphate pesticides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>125</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organophosphate pesticide exposure and attention in young Mexican-American children: the CHAMACOS study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Health Perspect]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>1768-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chronic exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and neuropsychological functioning in farmworkers: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Occup Environ Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>68-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chevrier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Health Perspect]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<page-range>1189-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fourth national report on human exposure to environmental chemicals]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Department of Health and Human Services]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exposure to pyrethroid pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors in East China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Pollution]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<page-range>1128-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Household pesticide exposure and the risk of childhood acute leukemia in Shanghai China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Sci Pollut Res]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>11755-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and urinary metabolites of organophosphate pesticides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<page-range>1270-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chevrier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prenatal exposure to organophosphates pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Health Perspect]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<page-range>1189-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pombo-De-Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MDS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In utero pesticide exposure and leukemia in Brazilian children &amp;lt; 2 years of age]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Health Perspect]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<page-range>269-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Occupational exposure to pesticides towards the danger of childhood leukemia in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomed Res]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>9-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[First measurement of human exposure to current use pesticides (CUPs) in the atmosphere of central Chile: the case study of Mauco cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Atmospheric Pollution Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>776-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bambs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Study protocol for the Maule Cohort (MAUCO) of chronic diseases Chile 2014-2024]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
