<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0376-7892</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0376-7892</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0376-78922018000100015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s0376-78922018000100015</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reanimación facial en Síndrome de Möbius completo mediante transferencia en un solo tiempo de gracilis libre bilateral]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[One-stage facial reanimation with bilateral free gracilis muscle transfer in complete Möbius Syndrome]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilera-Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas-Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexander]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González División de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva Clínica de Parálisis Facial y Nervio Periférico]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>75</fpage>
<lpage>83</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0376-78922018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0376-78922018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0376-78922018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción y Objetivo: El síndrome de Möbius es un trastorno congénito que afecta al nervio facial y al abducens, provocando parálisis facial uni o bilateral y estrabismo. Su tratamiento consiste en lograr la reanimación facial con la transferencia de un músculo funcional libre. Típicamente, se ha realizado en dos o más etapas, siendo controvertido el tiempo entre las cirugías, así como el nervio donador ideal para el colgajo (rama maseterina del trigémino o espinal accesorio). Describimos nuestra cirugía de reanimación facial en Síndrome de Möbius completo mediante transferencia en un solo tiempo de gracilis libre bilateral, usando como nervio donador la rama maseterina del trigémino o el nervio espinal accesorio. Evaluamos resultados y determinamos si es un procedimiento efectivo y seguro.  Material y Método: Entre marzo de 2014 y octubre de 2016, sometimos a transferencia en un solo tiempo de gracilis libre bilateral a 4 pacientes con Síndrome de Möbius. Realizamos exploración física y neurológica detallada para determinar los nervios donadores. Tradicionalmente nuestra primera elección es el trigémino, sin embargo estaba afectado en 2 pacientes, por lo que en ellos utilizamos el nervio espinal accesorio. El seguimiento promedio fue de 17 meses Hicimos la evaluación postoperatoria utilizando la escala de valoración estética y funcional de Terzis, la escala de excursión de la sonrisa de Chuang, y una escala de satisfacción postoperatoria.  Resultados: De los 4 pacientes operados 2 eran varones y 2 mujeres. Realizamos 8 transferencias musculares libres en 4 tiempos quirúrgicos. Utilizamos los vasos faciales como receptores en todos los casos. Empleamos el nervio trigémino como donador en 2 pacientes y en los otros 2 el nervio espinal accesorio. No hubo complicaciones ni pérdidas de colgajos. Todos los pacientes lograron un mínimo de III en la escala de valoración estética y funcional de Terzis, y de IV en los que usamos el espinal accesorio como donador. El resultado mínimo utilizando la escala de excursión de la sonrisa de Chuang fue de 2, pero mejorando a 3 en los que usamos el espinal accesorio. El promedio en la escala de satisfacción postoperatoria fue de 3, pero en el paciente con mayor tiempo de seguimiento fue de 4.  Conclusiones: La cirugía de reanimación facial en pacientes con síndrome de Möbius completo mediante transferencia en un solo tiempo quirúrgico de gracilis libre bilateral es un procedimiento seguro y efectivo. La selección cuidadosa de los pacientes, una exploración física completa cuidadosa, la selección de nervios motores donadores, la realización impecable de la cirugía y un programa de rehabilitación postoperatoria correcto, son indispensables para tener éxito.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and Objective: Möbius syndrome is a congenital disorder that affects facial and abducens cranial nerves, resulting in uni or bilateral facial palsy and strabismus. The treatment is facial reanimation with free functional muscle transfer. Typically, facial reanimation has been realized in 2 or more stages with controversial issues, such as the amount of time between the stages and the ideal donor nerve (masseter or spinal accessory). We describe our one-stage facial reanimation surgery for complete Möbius Syndrome using 2 free gracilis muscle flaps, and bilateral trigeminal or spinal nerves as a donor. We evaluate our outcomes and determine if this is an effective and safe procedure.  Methods: Between March 2014 and October 2016, 4 patients with complete Möbius Syndrome were operated using bilateral gracilis free muscle transfers in one surgical time. Detailed physical and neurologic examinations were performed with special emphasis on which cranial nerves were involved. Traditionally our first choice of nerve donor has been the trigeminal nerve, but it was involved in 2 patients, so in theme we used the spinal nerve as a donor to innervate 2 free gracilis flaps for smile reconstruction. The mean postoperative follow-up time was 17 months. Outcomes were assessed using the Terzis functional and aesthetic grading system, Chuang's smile excursion score, and a questionnaire to evaluate patient satisfaction.  Results: A total of 4 patients were included: 2 male and 2 female. We performed 8 free gracilis muscle transfers in 4 surgical times. We used the facial vessels in every flap, and the trigeminal nerve as a donor in 2 patients and in the 2 remaining, the spinal nerve. We have no complications nor flap failures. All patients achieved at least score of III using the Terzis functional and aesthetic grading system, and IV in those with spinal nerve as a donor. Likewise, the minimum score using Chuang's smile excursion score was 2, but in those with spinal nerve as a donor we got a score of 3. Finally the mean satisfaction score was 3, but the patient with the longest follow-up time gave a 4.  Conclusions: One-stage facial reanimation surgery for complete Möbius Syndrome using 2 free gracilis muscle flaps is an effective and safe procedure. Careful patient selection, adequate physical evaluation, motor nerve donor selection, flawless surgery performance, and adequate postoperative rehabilitation program, are mandatory in order to obtain success.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome Möbius]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reanimación facial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Transferencia libre muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gracilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Parálisis facial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Möbius Syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Facial reanimation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Free functional muscle transfer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gracilis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Facial palsy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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