<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0376-7892</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0376-7892</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0376-78922023000100009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s0376-78922023000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Galactorrea y galactocele: factores de riesgo e implicaciones en el aumento de mama]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Galactorrhea and galactocele: risk factors and implications for breast augmentation]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José B]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Mosqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Armenta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauro G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Implantes de Mama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>61</fpage>
<lpage>68</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción y objetivo. El aumento de mama es el procedimiento quirúrgico estético más realizado en mujeres en todo el mundo. La galactorrea es una complicación rara posterior al aumento mamario con implantes, con una incidencia del 0.96% y solo 38 casos reportados en la revisión sistemática más reciente del 2021, aunque con posibles consecuencias a corto y largo plazo altamente significativas. Presentamos nuestra serie de casos de galactorrea asociada a colocación de implantes de mama y revisamos las publicaciones sobre el tema con la finalidad de comprender la fisiopatología y establecer un protocolo de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno y efectivo en estos casos.  Material y método. Revisión retrospectiva documental y fotográfica de nuestra experiencia en 5 años con aumento de mama primario y galactorrea, así como búsqueda en PubMed, Embase y Google Académico con las palabras claves en inglés: Galactorrhea, Galactocele, Breast augmentation, Augmentation mammoplasty, Breast implants adverse effects.  Resultados. Entre 2015 y 2020 se realizaron en nuestra clínica de la Ciudad de México 2.232 procedimientos de aumento de mama, entre los cuales evidenciamos galactorrea / galactocele en 7 pacientes (incidencia del 0.31%) que requirieron estrategia diagnóstica y de tratamiento farmacológico / quirúrgico. En la búsqueda bibliográfica encontramos 20 artículos: 17 series de casos, 2 revisiones retrospectivas y 1 revisión sistemática.  Conclusiones. Con la información disponible, evidencia existente y nuestra experiencia proponemos una pauta sencilla y completa para determinar factores de riesgo preoperatorios, abordaje diagnóstico y niveles terapéuticos efectivos para disminuir las posibles complicaciones a corto y largo plazo de la galactorrea / galactocele asociados al aumento de mama con implantes. Nivel de evidencia científica Diagnóstico 5c]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and objective. In women, breast augmentation is the most performed aesthetic surgical procedure in the world. Galactorrhea is a rare complication after breast augmentation with implants, with an incidence of 0.96% and only 38 cases reported in the most recent systematic review of 2021, although with possible highly significant short- and long-term consequences. We present our series of cases of galactorrhea associated with the placement of breast implants and review the publications on the subject to understand the pathophysiology and thus establish a protocol or guideline for timely and effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment in these cases.  Methods. A documentary and photographic retrospective review of our 5-year experience with primary breast augmentation and galactorrhea was carried out, as well as a search in PubMed, Embase and Academic Google with the keywords in English: Galactorrhea, Galactocele, Breast augmentation, Augmentation mammoplasty, Breast implants adverse effects.  Results: Between 2015 and 2020, in our clinic in Mexico City, 2.232 breast augmentation procedures were performed, of which we evidenced galactorrhea / galactocele in 7 patients (0.31% incidence), who required a more complex diagnostic strategy and pharmacological / surgical treatment. In the search for information in the literature we found 20 articles: 17 case series, 2 retrospective reviews and 1 systematic review.  Conclusions. With the available information, existing evidence, and our experience we propose a simple and complete guideline for the determination of preoperative risk factors, diagnostic approach and effective therapeutic levels to reduce the possible short and long-term complications of surgery in galactorrhea / galactocele associated with breast augmentation with implants. Level of evidence Diagnostic 5c]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Galactorrea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Galactocele]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Aumento mamario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mamoplastia de aumento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Implantes mamarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Galactorrhea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Galactocele]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Breast augmentation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Augmentation mammoplasty]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Breast implants]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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