<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0376-7892</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0376-7892</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0376-78922023000300010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4321/s0376-78922023000300010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Vasoespasmo en microcirugía: revisión de la literatura y recomendaciones para su manejo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Vasospasm in microsurgery: literature review and clinical recommendations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tejos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josefa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunkeli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicolás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Facultad de Medicina Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital San Juan de Dios Servicio de Cirugía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Las Higueras Servicio de Cirugía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Talcahuano ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital del Trabajador Departamento de Cirugía Plástica y Quemados ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>273</fpage>
<lpage>286</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0376-78922023000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción y objetivo. Los colgajos libres microquirúrgicos se han convertido en una herramienta indispensable en Cirugía Reconstructiva. El vasoespasmo es una entidad que puede producir fallo del colgajo. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar las distintas medidas terapéuticas para la prevención y tratamiento del vasoespasmo y proponer un algoritmo de manejo para esta complicación.  Material y método. Revisión bibliográfica de estudios de diseño experimental o cuasi experimental que evalúen el efecto de distintas intervenciones para la prevención y el tratamiento del vasoespasmo.  Resultados. Incluimos 31 estudios experimentales, de los cuales 5 analizan intervenciones no farmacológicas y 26 intervenciones farmacológicas. Todos los estudios experimentales fueron realizados en modelos animales. Dentro de las intervenciones no farmacológicas estudiadas, la adventicetomía y el adecuado control de la hemostasia mostraron ser medidas efectivas para la prevención del vasoespasmo. Dentro de las intervenciones farmacológicas tópicas, la lidocaína, la papaverina, el sulfato de magnesio al 10% y el verapamilo demostraron consistentemente su efectividad en la prevención y tratamiento del vasoespasmo. Dentro de las intervenciones farmacológicas sistémicas, la pentoxifilina y la prostaglandina E1 fueron las más efectivas para el manejo del vasoespasmo. Otros fármacos mostraron evidencia controvertida: nifedipino, nicardipino y prostaglandina E1 (todos de aplicación tópica); nicardipino, nifedipino y verapamilo (todos de aplicación sistémica).  Conclusiones. La evidencia actual respecto a la efectividad de medidas orientadas al manejo del vasoespasmo en microcirugía se basan principalmente en estudios animales. El algoritmo de manejo del vasoespasmo que presentamos se sustenta en la experiencia clínica acumulada y la mejor evidencia actualmente disponible. Disponer de esta estrategia terapéutica permite estandarizar el manejo en la práctica clínica para una rápida toma de decisiones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and objective. Microsurgical free flaps have become an indispensable tool in Reconstructive Surgery. Vasospasm is an entity that can cause flap failure. Our objective is to evaluate the different therapies for vasospasm prevention and treatment and to propose a management algorithm for this complication.  Methods. Bibliographic review of studies of experimental or quasi-experimental design that assesed the effect of interventions for the prevention and treatment of vasospasm.  Results. Thirty one experimental studies were included, of which 5 analyzed non-pharmacological interventions and 26 pharmacological interventions. All experimental studies were performed in animal models. Among the non-pharmacological interventions studied, adventicetomy and adequate control of hemostasis proved to be effective measures for the prevention of vasospasm. Within topical pharmacological interventions, lidocaine, papaverine, 10% magnesium sulfate, and verapamil consistently demonstrated their effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of vasospasm. Within the systemic pharmacological interventions, pentoxifylline and prostaglandin E1 were the most effective interventions for the management of vasospasm. Other drugs showed controversial evidence: nifedipine, nicardipine and prostaglandin E1 (topicallys); nicardipine, nifedipine and verapamil (systemics).  Conclusions. The current evidence regarding the effectiveness of measu-res aimed at managing vasospasm in microsurgery is based mainly on animal studies. The vasospasm management algorithm presented is based on accumulated clinical experience and the best currently available evidence. Having this therapeutic strategy makes it possible to standardize management in clinical practice for rapid decision-making.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Microcirugía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vasoespasmo arterial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Agentes vasodilatadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Microsurgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artery vasospasm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vasodilator agents]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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